| Directory > Society > Religion and Spirituality > Christianity > Denominations > Catholicism > Reference > Catholic Encyclopedia Varani, Blessed Baptista
Ascetical writer. (1458-1527)
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Veronica Giuliani, Saint
Canonized by Gregory XVI in 1839.
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Villers, Cistercian Abbey of
Situated on the confines of Villers and Tilly, Duchy of Brabant, present Diocese of Namur
(Belgium), and first monastery of the order in this territory.
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Villehardouin, Geoffroi de
Maréchal de Champagne, warrior, and first historian in the French language.
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Von Gagern, Max, Freiherr
Born at Weilburg (in Nassau), Germany, 25 March, 1810; died at Vienna, 17 October, 1889.
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Viterbo and Toscanella
The city of Viterbo in the Province of Rome stands at the foot of Monte Cimino, in Central Italy.
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Vondel, Joost van Den
Netherland poet and convert. (1587-1679)
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Volterra, Daniele da
Italian painter. (1509-1566)
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Vitelleschi, Muzio
Born at Rome 2 Dec., 1563; died there 9 Feb., 1645.
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Vadstena, Abbey of
Founded in Sweden by St. Bridget in 1346.
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Volta, Alessandro
Physicist. (1745-1827)
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Vrie, Theodoric
Fourteenth-century historian.
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Valens, Flavius
Emperor of the East. (328-378)
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Vrau, Philibert
"The holy man of Lille", organizer of numerous Catholic activities. (1829-1905)
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Votive Offices
One not entered in the general calendar, but adopted with a view to satisfying a special devotion.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15510a.htm
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Volk, Wilhelm
Pseudonym, Ludwig Clarus.
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Vigor, Simon
French bishop and controversialist. (1515-1575)
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Voluspa
A wise woman.
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Virtue
According to its etymology the word virtue (Latin virtus) signifies manliness or courage.
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Valencia
Located in Spain; comprises the civil Provinces of Valencia, Alicante, and Castellón.
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Valence, University of
Erected 26 July, 1452, by letters patent from the Dauphin Louis, afterwards Louis XI.
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Valentinian II
Emperor of the West. (371-392)
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Vaison, Ancient Diocese of
Suppressed by the Concordat of 1801, its territory is now included in the Dioceses of Avignon.
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Victorinus, Caius Marius
A fourth-century grammarian, rhetorician, philosopher, and theologian.
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Votive Offerings
The general name given to those things vowed or dedicated to God, or a saint, and in consequence
looked upon as set apart by this act of consecration.
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Valence, Diocese of
Comprises the Department of Drome.
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Vincent de Paul, Sisters of Charity of Saint (New York)
Motherhouse at Mt. St. Vincent-on Hudson, New York; not to be confused with the Sisters of Charity
of St. Vincent de Paul founded earlier.
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Valencia, University of
At the request of Jaime I the Conqueror, Innocent IV in 1246, authorized by a Bull the
establishment of estudios generales in Valencia.
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Validation of Marriage
May be effected by a simple renewal of consent when its nullity arises only from a defective
consent in one or both parties.
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Valle, Pietro della
Italian traveller in the Orient. (1586-1652)
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Valdés, Alfonso de
Spanish Humanist and chancellor of Emperor Charles V. (1500-1532)
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Vallo and Capaccio
Suffragan diocese of Salerno.
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Valentinian I
Emperor of the West. (321-375)
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Vizeu
Diocese in north central Portugal.
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Vallgornera, Thomas de
Dominican theologian and ascetical writer. (1595-1665)
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Vertot, Réné-Aubert, Sieur de
French historian. (1655-1735)
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Vitalini, Bonifazio
Jurist, died 1388.
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Vaast, Abbey of Saint
Situated at Arras, the ancient capital of Artois, Department of Pas-de-Calais, France; founded in
667.
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Vedas
Sacred books of ancient India.
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Visitors Apostolic
Officials whom canonists commonly class with papal legates.
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Valladolid, Archdiocese of
Bounded on the north by Palencia, east by Burgos and Segovia, south by Avila and Salamanca, and
west by Zamora.
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Valleyfield, Diocese of
Situated at the outlet of Lake St. Francis, on the south shore of the St. Lawrence.
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Valla, Lorenzo
Humanist and philosopher. (1405-1457)
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Visits to the Blessed Sacrament
The conception is that in the tabernacle Jesus Christ, as it were, holds His court, and is prepared
to grant audience to all who draw near to Him.
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Vallarsi, Dominic
Italian priest. (1702-1771)
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Valladolid, University of
Alfonso XI was the patron of Valladolid.
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Van Buren, William Home
American surgeon. (1819-1883)
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Volterra
Diocese in Tuscany.
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Van Cleef, Jan
Flemish painter. (1646-1716)
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Vacancy
A term applied to an office or position devoid of an incumbent, as a vacant benefice, bishopric, or
parish.
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Van Beneden, Pierre-Joseph
Professor of zoology and comparative anatomy in the Catholic University at Louvain. (1809-1831)
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Vizagapatam, Diocese of
Located in the east of India, suffragan to Madras.
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Valroger, Hyacinthe de
French oratorian, first studied medicine, and was later ordained priest. (1814-1876)
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Valliscaulian Order
Founded towards the end of the twelfth century by Viard, a lay brother of the Carthusian priory of
Loubigny, in the Diocese of Langres.
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Votive Mass
A Mass offered for a votum, a special intention.
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Vallumbrosan Order
Founded by St. John Gualbert, son of the noble Florentine Gualbert Visdomini.
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Valois, Henri
Philologist. (1603-1676)
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Vacz, Diocese of
Located in Hungary; suffragan of Gran; probably founded by King St. Stephen.
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Vaz, Blessed Joseph
A Goanese priest, Apostle of Ceylon. (1651-1711)
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Visions
The article deals not with natural but with supernatural visions, that is, visions due to the
direct intervention of a power superior to man.
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Vitellius, Lucius
Proclaimed Roman Emperor by the soldiers at Cologne during the civil war of A.D. 69; d. at Rome, 21
Dec., 69.
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Valentinian III
Reigned 425-55, son of Constantius III and Galla Placidia, daughter of Theodosius, succeeded
Emperor Honorius.(419-455)
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Villalpandus, Juan Bautista
His fame rests mainly on a "Commentary on Ezechiel".
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Vargas, Luis de
Seville painter. (1502-1568)
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Versailles
Diocese includes the Department of Seine-et-Oise, France.
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Vanni, Francesco
Siennese painter. (1565-1609)
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Van Cleef, Martin
Flemish painter. (1520-1570)
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Vane, Thomas
Seventeenth-century convert from Anglicanism.
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Veni Sancte Spiritus Et Emitte Coelitus
Sung at Mass from Whitsunday until the following Saturday inclusively, and comprises ten stanzas.
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Vasari, Giorgio
Painter, architect, and writer. (1511-1574)
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Van de Velde, Peter
Spanish painter. (1503-1580)
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Vasquez, Gabriel
Theologian. (1549-1604)
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Vancouver
Archdiocese; includes that part of the mainland of the Province of British Columbia south of 54 °
N. lat. and west of the Straits of Georgia, together with the Queen Charlotte Islands.
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Vaticanus, Codex
A quarto volume written in uncial letters of the fourth century.
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Van der Weyden, Rogier
Painter. (1399-1464)
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Van der Bundere, Joannes
A Flemish theologian and controversialist. (1482-1557)
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Vandal, Albert
French writer. (1853-1910)
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Vaux, Laurence
Martyr in prison. (1519-1585)
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Vaughan, Herbert
Cardinal, and third Archbishop of Westminster. (1832-1903)
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Vatican Observatory
Gregory XIII ordered a tower to be erected in a convenient part of the Vatican buildings, and to be
fitted out with the greatest and best instruments of the time.
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Visit ad Limina
The obligation incumbent on certain members of the hierarchy of visiting, the "thresholds of
the Apostles", Sts. Peter and Paul, and of presenting themselves before the pope to give an
account of the state of their dioceses.
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Vergilius of Salzburg, Saint
Eighth-century Irish missionary.
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Vaillant de Gueslis, François
Jesuit missionary. (1646-1718)
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Vavasour, Thomas
English physician. (1536-1585)
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Vatican Council
The twentieth and up to 1912, the last ecumenical council, opened on 8 December, 1869, and
adjourned on 20 October, 1870.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15303a.htm
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Vanni, Andrea
Painter and statesman. (1320-1414)
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Vannes, Diocese of
Comprises the Department of Morbihan, and was re-established by the Concordat of 1802.
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Vegio, Maffeo
Humanist, poet, and educator. (1406-1458)
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Veghe, Johannes
German preacher and religious writer, died 1504.
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Veil, Humeral
This is the name given to a cloth of rectangular shape about 8 ft. long and 1 1/2 ft. wide.
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Van Beethoven, Ludwig
Composer. (1770-1827)
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Vicariate Apostolic (Updated List)
Recenty erected vicariates Apostolic as of 1913.
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Vatable, François
Abbot of Bellozane, died 1547.
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Vaudreuil
Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil. Governor of Canada, died 1725.
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Veith, Johann Emanuel
Preacher. (1787-1876)
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Vocation, Ecclesiastical and Religious
The special gift of those who, in the Church of God, follow with a pure intention the
ecclesiastical profession of the evangelical counsels.
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Van den Broek, Theodore J.
Priest and missionary. (1783-1851)
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Valona
Titular see, suffragan of Dyrrachium, in Epirus Nova.
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Venice
The capital of a province in Northern Italy, is formed of a group of 117 small islands joined
together by 378 bridges mostly built of stone.
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Valentine, Pope
Reigned briefly in A.D. 827.
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Vianney, Saint Jean-Baptiste-Marie
Curé of Ars, born at Dardilly, near Lyons, France, on 8 May, 1786; died at Ars, 4 August, 1859.
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Vincenzo de Vit
Latinist. (1810-1892)
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Vase, Altar
Holds flowers for the decoration of the altar.
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Valva and Sulmona, Dioceses of
Located in Italy, Valva, a medieval castle belonging to the Bishop of Sulmona, Baron of Valva, is
situated near the ancient Corfinium, chief town of the Peligni, a Samnite tribe.
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Valverde, Vincent de
First Bishop of Cuzco. (d. 1541)
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Venard, Théophane
French missionary, born at St-Loup, Diocese of Poitiers; martyred in Tonkin, 2 February, 1861.
(1829-1861)
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Venezuela
A republic formed out of the provinces which, under Spanish rule, constituted the captaincy general
of the same name.
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Vauquelin, Louis-Nicolas
French chemist. (1763-1829)
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Vavasseur, François
Humanist and controversialist. (1605-1681)
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Verapoly, Archdiocese of
Located on the Malabar Coast, India, having the Diocese of Quilon as suffragan.
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Valerian
Roman emperor. (253-60)
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Venusti, Raffaele
Italian controversialist. (d. 1543)
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Veglia, Diocese of
In Austria, suffragan of Görz-Gradisca.
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Veil, Religious
The bride of Christ, as the vestal virgins had done, adopted the veil, which thus symbolized not so
much the purity as the inviolable fidelity to Christ which was to be reverenced in her.
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Verdaguer, Jacinto
Spanish poet. (1845-1902)
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Voluntary
Wilful, proceeding from the will.
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Vaux-de-Cernay
Cistercian abbey situated in the Diocese of Versailles, Seine-et-Oise, in what was called the
"Isle-de-France".
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Visitation Convent, Georgetown
Located in the District of Columbia, United States of America.
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Vega, Andreas de
Spanish theologian. (d. 1560)
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Veronica, Saint
In several regions of Christendom there is honored under this name a pious matron of Jerusalem who,
during the Passion of Christ, as one of the holy women who accompanied Him to Calvary.
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Veni Sancte Spiritus Reple
A prose invocation of the Holy Ghost.
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Versions of the Bible
Details on Greek, Hebrew, English, and others.
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Vives, Juan Luis
Spanish humanist and philosopher. (1492-1540)
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Vandals
A Germanic people belonging to the family of East Germans.
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Vera Cruz
Diocese of the Mexican Republic, suffragan of the Archbishopric of Mexico.
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Verbiest, Ferdinand
Jesuit missionary and astronomer. (1623-1688)
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Vatican, The
Detailed history and information.
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Verdi, Giuseppe
Italian composer. (1813-1901)
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Verdun, Diocese of
Comprises the Department of the Meuse.
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Vernier, Pierre
Inventor of the instrument which bears his name. (1580-1637)
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Venosa
Diocese in Southern Italy.
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Vespers, Sicilian
The traditional name given to the insurrection which broke out at Palermo on Easter Tuesday, 31
March, 1282, against the domination of Charles of Anjou.
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Veron, François
French controversialist, born at Paris about 1575; died at Charenton, 1625.
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Vaughan, Roger William
Second Archbishop of Sydney. (1834-1883)
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Van der Sandt, Maximilian
Wrote works on philosophy and theology, including a notable controversial reply to the Batavian
Calvinist Lawrence in defence of the moral teaching of the Jesuits. (1578-1656)
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Vernazza, Tommasina
Entered the monastery of St. Maria delle Grazie, and became a canoness regular, taking the name of
Battistina. (1497-1587)
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Verrazano, Giovanni da
Navigator, died 1527.
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Verecundus
Bishop of Junca, in the African Province of Byzacena, in the middle of the sixth century.
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Versions of the Bible, Coptic
The Coptic language is now recognized in four principal dialects, Bohairic (formerly Memphitic),
Fayumic, Sahidic (formerly Theban), and Akhmimic.
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Via Crucis
A series of pictures or tableaux representing certain scenes in the Passion of Christ, each
corresponding to a particular incident, or the special form of devotion connected with such
representations.
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Veroli, Diocese of
Located in the Province of Rome.
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Valentine, Saint
At least three different Saint Valentines, all of them martyrs, are mentioned in the early
martyrologies under date of 14 February.
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Vicelinus, Saint
Apostle of Holstein. (1086-1154)
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Villani, Giovanni
Florentine historian, b. about 1276; d. of the plague in 1348.
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Verne, Jules
Novelist. (1828-1905)
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Vecchietta, Lorenzo di Pietro
Artist. (1412-1480)
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Vermont
One of the New England states.
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Vercellone, Carlo
Biblical scholar, born at Biella, Milan; died at Rome, 19 January, 1869.
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Verna, La
An isolated mountain hallowed by association with St. Francis of Assisi, situated in the centre of
the Tuscan Appenines.
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Verrocchio, Andrea del
Artist. (1435-1488)
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Vespers, Music of
The texts (e.g. antiphons, psalms, hymn) sung in Vespers vary according to the feast or the season
of the church year.
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Vows
A promise made to God.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15511a.htm
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Vesalius, Andreas
The reorganizer of the study of anatomy.
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Vergani, Paolo
Italian political economist. (1753-1820)
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Valentinus and Valentinians
The best known and most influential of the Gnostic heretics, born on the coast of Egypt.
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Vespasian
Roman Emperor.
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Vercelli
Archdiocese in the Province of Novara, Piedmont, Italy.
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Verot, Augustin
Third Bishop of Savannah, first of St. Augustine. (1804-1876)
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Vessels, Altar
The chalice is the cup in which the wine and water of the Eucharistic Sacrifice is contained.
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Veto, The Royal
Lord Grenville presented a petition for the Catholics in the Lords, and, in moving for a committee,
proposed an effective veto for the king on the appointment of bishops.
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Vespasiano da Bisticci
Florentine humanist and librarian. (1421-1498)
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Veni Creator Spiritus
The most famous of hymns, assigned in the Roman Breviary to Vespers (I and II) and Terce of
Pentecost and throughout the octave.
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Vering, Friedrich Heinrich
German canonist. (1833-1896)
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Victor I, Pope Saint
Reigned 189-198.
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Viva, Domenico
Writer. (1648-1726)
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Victor II, Pope
Reigned 1055-57.
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Vertin, John
Third Bishop of Marquette, U.S.A. (1844-1899)
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Victor III, Pope Blessed
Reigned 1086-1087.
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Veszprém
Diocese in Hungary, suffragan of Gran, one of the sees founded about 1009 by King St. Stephen, or
perhaps by Queen Gisela, his wife.
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Verbum Supernum Prodiens
The first line of two hymns celebrating respectively the Nativity of Christ and the Institution of
the Holy Eucharist.
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Vexilla Regis Prodeunt
Written by Venantius Fortunatus.
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Vice
Regarded as a habit inclining one to sin.
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Veuillot, Louis
Journalist and writer. (1813-1883)
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Vicar Apostolic
In the early ages of the Church, the popes committed to some residentiary bishops the duty of
watching over ecclesiastical matters in a certain region.
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Vicar of Christ
A title of the pope implying his supreme and universal primacy, both of honour and of jurisdiction,
over the Church of Christ.
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Veit, Philipp
Painter. (1793-1877)
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Verri, Count Pietro
Economist.(1728-1797)
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Vincent de Paul, Society of Saint
An international association of Catholic laymen engaging systematically in personal service of the
poor.
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Vaga
A titular see of Numidia, frequently mentioned by historians and ancient geographers.
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Victor Vitensis
An African bishop of the Province of Byzacena.
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Viader, José
Assistant at the Indian mission of Santa Clara.
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Vicari, Hermann von
Archbishop of Freiburg in Baden. (1773-1868)
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Vergil, Polydore
Commissioned by Henry VII to write the history of England.
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Vicenza, Diocese of
The city is the capital of a province in Venetia (Northern Italy).
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Victorinus, Saint
Bishop and writer. (d. 303)
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Vischer, Peter
Sculptor and metal founder. (1460-1529)
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Vatican as a Scientific Institution, The
Details of scientific activity in the Vatican.
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Vigilius, Saint
Martyr and Bishop of Trent. (353-405)
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Vigilius, Pope
Reigned 537-55.
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Vincent de Paul, Saint
Born at Pouy, Gascony, France.
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Verona
Diocese in Venetia (Northern Italy).
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Vestments
According to the rules of the Church or from ecclesiastical usage, are to be worn by the clergy in
performing the ceremonies of the services of the Church.
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Vicar Capitular
The administrator of a vacant diocese, elected by a cathedral chapter.
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Vitus, Modestus, and Crescentia, Saints
According to the legend, martyrs under Diocletian; feast, 15 June.
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Viaticum
Among the ancient Greeks the custom prevailed of giving a supper to those setting out on a journey.
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Verreau, Hospice-Anthelme
French-Canadian priest, educator, and historian. (1828-1901)
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Victoria Nyanza, Northern
Founded in 1878 by the White Fathers of Cardinal Lavigerie.
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Viator, Clerics of Saint
Lector of the cathedral at Lyons, France, in the fourth century.
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Vincent Ferrer, Saint
Dominican missionary. (1350-1419)
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Venturino of Bergamo
Preacher. (1304-1346)
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Vetter, Conrad
Preacher and polemical writer. (1547-1622)
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Victor of Capua
A sixteenth-century bishop.
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Victor
Bishop of Tunnunum in Northern Africa. (d. 569)
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Vexiö, Ancient See of
In Sweden, comprised the County of Kronoberg and the hundreds of Ostra, Westra, Östbo, and Westbo
in the County of Jönköping.
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Verstegan, Richard
Publisher and antiquarian, born at London, about 1548.
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Vincent Kadlubek, Blessed
Bishop of Cracow, chronicler. (1160-1223)
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Visdelou, Claude de
One of the missionaries sent to China by Louis XIV in 1687.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15476a.htm
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Victoria Nyanza, Southern
Vicariate apostolic erected from the mission of Nyanza.
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Vieira, Antonio
Missionary, diplomat, orator. (1608-1697)
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Vienna, University of
The oldest university of the former Holy Roman Empire, next to the University of Prague.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15421a.htm
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Viel, Nicholas
Died 1625, the first victim of apostolic zeal on the shores of the St. Lawrence.
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Victoria
Diocese in southwestern British Columbia.
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Vincent of Lérins, Saint
Fifth-century ecclesiastical writer.
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Vigevano
Diocese in Lombardy, Province of Pavia.
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Vincent, Saint
Deacon of Saragossa and martyr under Diocletian. (d. 304)
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Vestibule (in Architecture)
A hall projecting in front of the façade of a church, found from the fifth century both in the
East and the West.
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Vicente, Gil
Portuguese dramatist. (1470-1536)
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Veruela
A Cistercian monastery and church dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. It is situated five miles
north-west of Borja, Saragossa, Spain.
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Vignola, Giacomo Barozzi da
A theoretical and practical architect of the Transition Period between the Renaissance and Baroque
styles. (1507-1573)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15428a.htm
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Vespucci, Amerigo
Italian navigator. (1451-1512)
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Viborg, Ancient See of
Located in Denmark.
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Ventura di Raulica, Gioacchino
Italian orator, patriot, philosopher. (1792-1861)
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Vezzosi, Antonio Francesco
Member of the Theatine Congregation and biographical writer. (1708-1783)
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Velazquez, Diego Rodriguez de Silva y
Spanish painter. (1599-1660)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15323a.htm
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Vida, Marco Girolamo
Italian Humanist.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15415c.htm
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Vargas y Mexia, Francisco de
Spanish diplomat and ecclesiastical writer, died 1566.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15273b.htm
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Vincent, Saint
Founder and abbot of the monasteries of Hautmont and Soignies. (d. 677)
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Virgin Mary, Name of
The Hebrew form of her name is miryam.
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Vicar
In canon law, the representative of a person clothed with ordinary ecclesiastical jurisdiction.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15401a.htm
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Vindicianus, Saint
Bishop of Cambrai-Arras. (620-700)
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Virgilius, Saint
Archbishop of Arles, died c. 610.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15447b.htm
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Virgin Mary, The
The Blessed Virgin Mary is the mother of Jesus Christ, the mother of God.
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Victimae Paschali Laudes Immolent Christiani
First stanza of the Easter sequence.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15407a.htm
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Vincent de Paul, Sisters of Charity of Saint
A congregation of women with simple vows, founded in 1633 and devoted to corporal and spiritual
works of mercy.
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Voluntary Association, Right of
Any group of individuals freely united for the pursuit of a common end.
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Virgin Mary, Devotion to the
Devotion to Our Blessed Lady in its ultimate analysis must be regarded as a practical application
of the doctrine of the Communion of Saints.
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Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary
The event is related in Luke 1:39-57.
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Vico, Francescoe de
Astronomer. (1805-1848)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15406a.htm
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Vitalian, Pope Saint
Reigned 657-72.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15484b.htm
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Ventimiglia
Italian diocese.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15343a.htm
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Vieta, François
Father of modern algebra.
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Vergerio, Pier Paolo, the Elder
Humanist, statesman, and canonist. (b. 1370)
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Vitalis and Agricola, Saints
Fourth-century martyrs.
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Vicar-General
The highest official of a diocese after the ordinary.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15402a.htm
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Vigilius
Bishop of Tapsus, in the African Province of Byzacena.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15427a.htm
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Vierthaler, Franz Michael
Austrian pedagogue. (1758-1827)
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Vitalis of Savigny, Saint
Founder of the Congregation of Savigny. (1060-1122)
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