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La Crosse
Diocese erected in 1868; included that part of the State of Wisconsin, U.S.A., lying north and west
of the Wisconsin River.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08735b.htm
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Lawrence Justinian, Saint
A bishop and first Patriarch of Venice. He died in 1456.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09091a.htm
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Labbe, Philippe
Born at Borges, 10 July, 1607; died at Paris, at the College of Clermont, 17 (16) March, 1667; a
distinguished Jesuit writer on historical, geographical, and philological questions.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08718b.htm
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Latin Literature in Christianity (Sixth to Twentieth Century)
During the Middle Ages the so-called church Latin was to a great extent the language of poetry, and
it was only on the advent of the Renaissance that classical Latin revived and flourished in the
writings of the neo-Latinists as it does even today though to a more modest extent.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09026a.htm
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Loménie de Brienne, Etienne-Charles de
French cardinal and statesman. (1727-1794)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09340a.htm
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Legends, Literary or Profane
In the period of national origins history and legend are inextricably mingled. In the course of
oral transmission historic narrative necessarily becomes more or less legendary.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09121a.htm
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La Roche Daillon, Joseph de
Recollect, one of the most zealous missionaries of the Huron tribe, d. in France, 1656.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09004c.htm
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Lesueur, François Eustache
Jesuit missionary and philologist, of the Abnaki mission in Canada; born (according to notes given
by Thwaites, apparently from official sources) near Coutances, Normandy, 22 July, 1685 or 1686,
though Maurault gives his birthplace as Lunel, in Languedoc; died at Montreal, 28 or 26 April,
1760, or (according to Maurault) at Quebec, in 1755.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09200a.htm
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Louvain, University of
In order to restore the splendour of Louvain, capital of his Duchy of Brabant, John IV of the House
of Burgundy petitioned the papal authority for the establishment of an educational institution
called at the time studium generale. The Bull of Martin V, dated 9 December, 1425, was the result.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09391a.htm
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Luke, Gospel of Saint
The word Lucas seems to have been unknown before the Christian Era; but Lucanus is common in
inscriptions, and is found at the beginning and end of the Gospel in some Old Latin manuscripts
(ibid.). It is generally held that St. Luke was a native of Antioch.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09420a.htm
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Liturgy of Jerusalem
The Rite of Jerusalem is that of Antioch.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08371a.htm
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Lossen, Karl August
German petrologist and geologist, born at Kreuznach (Rhine Province), 5 January, 1841; died at
Berlin, 24 February, 1893.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09365b.htm
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Lumper, Gottfried
Benedictine patristic writer, born 6 Feb., 1747, at Füssen in Bavaria; died 8 March, 1800 (Hefele
says 1801), at the Abbey of St. George at Billingen in the Black Forest.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09431b.htm
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Literature, English
Latin, French, Italian, Greek, and Spanish literatures are a few of the influences.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05458a.htm
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Lossada, Luis de
Spanish philosopher. (1681-1748)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16056a.htm
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Louis XIV
King of France, b. at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 16 September, 1638; d. at Versailles, 1 September,
1715; was the son of Louis XIII and Anne of Austria, and became king, upon the death of his father,
14 May 1643.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09371a.htm
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Labadists
A pietist sect of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries founded by Jean de Labadie, who was born
at Bourg, near Bordeaux, 13 February, 1610, and died at Altonia, 13 February, 1674.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08717a.htm
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Lollards
The name given to the followers of John Wyclif, an heretical body numerous in England in the latter
part of the fourteenth and the first half of the fifteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09333a.htm
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Lunette
Known in Germany as the lunula and also as the melchisedech, is a crescent-shaped clip made of gold
or of silver-gilt which is used for holding the Host in an upright position when exposed in the
monstrance.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09435a.htm
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Lust
The inordinate craving for, or indulgence of, the carnal pleasure which is experienced in the human
organs of generation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09438a.htm
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La Rue, Charles de
French Jesuit orator. (1643-1725)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09008a.htm
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La Serena, Diocese of
Embracing Atacama and Coquimbo provinces (Chile), suffragan of Santiago, erected 1 July, 1840.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13726e.htm
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Lower California, Vicariate Apostolic of
Located in Mexico.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03177a.htm
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Laennec, René-Théophile-Hyacinthe
Born at Quimper, in Brittany, France, 17 February, 1781; died at Kerlouanec, 13 August, 1826, a
French physician, discoverer of auscultation, and father of modern knowledge of pulmonary diseases.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08737b.htm
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Luther, Martin
Leader of the great religious revolt of the sixteenth century in Germany; born at Eisleben, 10
November, 1483; died at Eisleben, 18 February, 1546.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09438b.htm
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Larke, Blessed John
English martyr. (d. 1543)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08466b.htm
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Laetus, Pomponius
Humanist, b. in Calabria in 1425; d. at Rome in 1497.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08738a.htm
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Luetolf, Aloys
Church historian. (1824-1879)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09463a.htm
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Latter-Day Saints, The Church of Jesus Christ of
This religious body had its origin during the early part of the nineteenth century. Joseph Smith,
the founder and first president of the sect, was the son of a Vermont farmer, and was born in
Sharon township, Windsor County, in that state, on 23 December, 1805.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10570c.htm
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Lorsch Abbey
One of the most renowned monasteries of the old Franco-German Empire, is situated about ten miles
east of Worms in the Grand Duch of Hesse, Germany.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09364a.htm
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Laflèche, Louis-François Richer
French-Canadian bishop, b. 4 Sept., 1818, at Ste-Anne de la Perade, Province of Quebec; d. 14 July,
1898.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08739b.htm
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Laforêt, Nicholas-Joseph
Belgian philosopher and theologian, born at Graide, 23 January, 1823; died at Louvain, 26 January,
1872.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08740a.htm
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Labat, Jean-Baptiste
Dominican missionary, born at Paris, 1664; died there, 1738.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08718a.htm
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Lagrené, Pierre
A missionary in New France, b. at Paris, 12 Nov. (al. 28 Oct.), 1659; d. at Quebec in 1736.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08741b.htm
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La Fontaine, Jean de
French poet, b. at Chateau-Thierry, 8 July, 1621; d. at Paris, 13 April, 1695.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08739c.htm
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Love, Theological Virtue of
The third and greatest of the Divine virtues enumerated by St. Paul (1 Cor., xiii, 13), usually
called charity, defined: a divinely infused habit, inclining the human will to cherish God for his
own sake above all things, and man for the sake of God.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09397a.htm
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Lystra
A titular see in the Province of Lycaonia, suffragan of Iconium.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09478c.htm
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La Harpe, Jean-François
A French critic and poet, b. at Paris, 20 November, 1739; d. February, 1803.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08741c.htm
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Lambert, Saint
Bishop of Maestricht, martyred between 698 and 701 for defending the sanctity of marriage. Also
called St. Landebertus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08757a.htm
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Louis of Granada, Venerable
Spanish theologian, writer, and preacher. (1505-1588)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09385b.htm
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La Luzerne, César-Guillaume
French cardinal b. at Paris, 1738; d. there, l821.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08753b.htm
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Lower Criticism (Textual)
The object of textual criticism is to restore as nearly as possible the original text of a work the
autograph of which has been lost.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04497a.htm
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La Fosse, Charles de
Painter, b. in Paris, 15 June, 1636; d. in Paris, 13 December, 1716, and buried in the church of
Saint Eustache.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08740b.htm
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Lyrba
A titular see of Pamphylia Prima, known by its coins and the mention made of it by Dionysius,
Perieg. 858, Ptolemy, V, 5, S, and Hierocles.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09478a.htm
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Lagania
A titular see in Galatia Prima.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08741a.htm
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Low Sunday
The first Sunday after Easter.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09400a.htm
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LaFarge, John
Painter, decorator, and writer. (1835-1910)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16050b.htm
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Laban
Son of Bathuel, the Syrian.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08717b.htm
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Lynch, John
Historian, b. at Galway, Ireland, 1599; d. in France, 1673; was the son of Alexander Lynch, who
kept a classical school at Galway.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09471a.htm
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Labarum (Chi-Rho)
The name by which the military standard adopted by Constantine the Great after his celebrated
vision (Lactantius, "De mortibus persecutorum", 44), was known in antiquity.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08717c.htm
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Lalemant, Charles
Born at Paris, 17 November, 1587; died there, 18 November, 1674. He was the first superior of the
Jesuit missions in Canada, and his letter to his brother dated 1 August, 1626, inaugurated the
series of "Relations" about the missionary work in that country.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752a.htm
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La Haye, Jean de
Franciscan Biblical scholar, b. at Paris, 20 March, 1593; d. there 15 Oct., 1661.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08741d.htm
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La Salette, Missionaries of
Founded in 1852, at the shrine of Our Lady of La Salette, where some priests banded together to
care for the numerous pilgrims frequenting the mountain.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09009a.htm
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Lalemant, Jerome
Jesuit missionary, b. at Paris, 27 April, 1593, d. at Quebec, 16 November, 1665.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752c.htm
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Lainez, James
Second general of the Society of Jesus, theologian, b. in 1512, at Almazan, Castille, in 1512; d.
at Rome, 19 January, 1565.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08747a.htm
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Lambert Le Bègue
Priest and reformer, lived at Liège, Belgium, about the middle of the twelfth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08757b.htm
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Lacedonia, Diocese of
Located in the province of Avellino, Southern Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08732a.htm
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Larrey, Dominique-Jean
Baron, French military surgeon, b. at Baudéan, Hautes-Pyrénées, July, 1766; d. at Lyons, 25
July, 1842.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09007a.htm
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Lalor, Teresa
Co-foundress, with Bishop Neale of Baltimore, of the Visitation Order in the United States, b. in
Ireland; d. 9 Sept., 1846.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08753a.htm
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Lawrence, Saint
Roman martyr. (d. 258)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09089a.htm
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Linacre, Thomas
English physician and clergyman, founder of the Royal College of Physicians, London, b. at
Canterbury about 1460; d. in London, 20 October, 1524.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09265b.htm
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Libermann, Ven. Francis Mary Paul
Founder of the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, which was afterwards merged in the
Congregation of the Holy Ghost.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09223a.htm
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Laetare Sunday
The fourth, or middle, Sunday of Lent, so called from the first words of the Introit at Mass.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08737c.htm
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Liguori, Saint Alphonsus
Born at Marianella, near Naples, 27 September, 1696; died at Nocera de' Pagani, 1 August, 1787.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01334a.htm
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Lalemant, Gabriel
Jesuit missionary, b. at Paris, 10 October, 1610, d. in the Huron country, 17 March 1649.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752b.htm
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Lambton, Ven. Joseph
English martyr, b. 1569; d. at Newcastle-on-Tyne.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08761a.htm
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Liber Pontificalis
A history of the popes beginning with St. Peter and continued down to the fifteenth century, in the
form of biographies.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09224a.htm
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La Hire, Philippe de
Mathematician, astronomer, physicist, naturalist, and painter, b. in Paris, 18 March, 1640; d. in
Paris, 21 April, 1718.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08742b.htm
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Lamennais, Jean-Marie-Robert de
French priest, brother of Félicité Robert de Lamennais, b. at St-Malo in 1780; d. at Ploërmel,
Brittany, in 1860.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08765a.htm
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Lac, Stanislaus du
Jesuit educationist and social work, b. at Paris, 21 November, 1835; d. there, 30 August, 1909.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08729a.htm
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Lamb, Paschal
A lamb which the Israelites were commanded to eat with peculiar rites as a part of the Passover
celebration.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08755a.htm
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Lambert of Hersfeld
A medieval historian; b. in Franconia or Thuringia, c. 1024; d. after 1077.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08758a.htm
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Lamennais, Félicité Robert de
Born at Saint-Malo, 29 June, 1782; died at Paris, 27 February, 1854.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08762a.htm
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Lahore
Diocese in northern India, part of the ecclesiastical Province of Agra.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08742c.htm
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La Moricière, Louis-Christophe-Leon Juchault de
French general and commander-in-chief of the papal army, b. at Nantes, 5 February, 1806; d. at the
château of Prouzel, near Amiens, 11 September, 1865.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08767a.htm
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Lindores, Benedictine Abbey of
On the River Tay, near Newburgh, Fifeshire, Scotland, founded by David, Earl of Huntingdon, younger
brother of King William the Lion, about 1191.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09270a.htm
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Lambert of St-Bertin
Benedictine chronicler and abbot, b. about 1060; d. 22 June, 1125, at St-Bertin, France.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08758b.htm
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Lambillotte, Louis
Belgian Jesuit and composer. (1796-1855)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08759b.htm
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Lamy, François
An ascetical and apologetic writer of the Congregation of St-Maur, b. in 1636 at Montireau in the
Department of Eure-et-Loir; d. 11 April, 1711, at the Abbey of St-Denis near Paris.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08772a.htm
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Lambruschini, Luigi
Cardinal, b. at Sestri Levante, near Genoa, 6 March, 1776, d. at Rome, 12 May, 1854.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08760b.htm
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Lawrence, Saint
Archbishop of Canterbury. (d. 619)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09090a.htm
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Lenormant, Charles
French archæologist, b. in Paris, 1 June, 1802; d. at Athens, 24 November, 1859.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09150c.htm
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Laity
The body of the faithful, outside of the ranks of the clergy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08748a.htm
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Laicization
The term laity signifies the aggregation of those Christians who do not form part of the clergy.
Consequently the word lay does not strictly connote any idea of hostility towards the clergy or the
Church much less towards religion. Laicization, therefore, considered etymologically, simply means
the reducing of persons or things having an ecclesiastical character to a lay condition.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08744a.htm
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Lamormaini, Wilhelm
Confessor of Emperor Ferdinand II, b. 29 December, 1570, at Dochamps, Luxemburg; d. at Vienna, 22
February, 1648.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08768a.htm
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Labyrinth
A complicated arrangement of paths and passages; or a place, usually subterraneous, full of
windings, corridors, rooms, etc., so intricately arranged as to render the getting out of it a very
difficult matter.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08728b.htm
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Lamartine, Alphonse de
Poet, b. at Macon Saône-et-Loire, France, 21 Oct., 1790; d. at Paris, l March, 1869.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08754a.htm
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Lamprecht
German poet of the twelfth century, of whom practically nothing personal is known but his name and
the fact that he was a cleric.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08769a.htm
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Lamego
Diocese situated in the district of Vizeu, province of Beira, Portugal.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08761b.htm
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Lampa
A titular see in Crete, suffragan of Gortyna, was probably a colony of Tarrha.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08768b.htm
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Lambin, Denis
French philologist. (1520-1572)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08760a.htm
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Landriot, Jean-François-Anne
French bishop, b. at Couches-les-Mines near Autun, 1816, d. at Reims, 1874.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08784b.htm
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Lamp and Lampadarii
There is very little evidence that any strictly liturgical use was made of lamps in the early
centuries of Christianity. The fact that many of the services took place at night, and that after
the lapse of a generation or two the meetings of the Christians for purposes of worship were held,
at Rome and elsewhere, in the subterranean chambers of the Catacombs, make it clear that lamps must
have been used to provide the necessary means of illumination.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08768c.htm
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Laderchi, James
An Italian Oratorian and ecclesiastical historian, born about 1678, at Faenza near Ravenna; died 25
April, 1738, at Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08736b.htm
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Lana, Francesco
Born 10 Dec., 1631, at Brescia in Italy; died in the same place, 22 Feb., 1687. Mathematician and
naturalist, he was also the scientific founder of aeronautics.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08772c.htm
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Linköping, Ancient See of
Located in Sweden; originally included Östergötland, the Islands of Gotland and Öland, and
Smaaland.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16053b.htm
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Lamy, Thomas Joseph
Biblical scholar end orientalist, b. at Ohey, in Belgium, 27 Jan., 1827, d. at Louvain, 30 July,
1907.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08772b.htm
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Lamberville, Jacques and Jean de
Seventeenth-century Jesuit missionaries.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08759a.htm
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Lamp, Altar
In the Old Testament God commanded that a lamp filled with the purest oil of olives should always
burn in the Tabernacle of the Testimony without the veil.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01354b.htm
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Langhorne, Blessed Richard
English martyr, b. about 1635, d. at Tyburn, 14 July, 1679.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08789a.htm
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La Verna
An isolated mountain hallowed by association with St. Francis of Assisi, situated in the centre of
the Tuscan Appenines, and rising about 4000 feet above the valley of the Casentino.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15358a.htm
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Lazarus of Bethany, Saint
Reputed first Bishop of Marseilles, died in the second half of the first century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09097a.htm
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Liszt, Franz
Pianist and composer. (1811-1886)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09285b.htm
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Lanciano and Ortona
Lanciano is a small city in the province of Chieti, in the Abruzzi, Central Italy, between the
Pescara and the Trigni, with a majestic view of Mount Maiella.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08774b.htm
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Lamy, Bernard
Oratorian, b. at Le Mans, France, in June, 1640; d. at Rouen, 29 Jan., 1715.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08771c.htm
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Lanfranco, Giovanni
Decorative painter, b. at Parma, 1581, d. in Rome, 1647.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08786a.htm
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Litany of the Holy Name
Does not give the text of the litany itself, but mentions many of the titles of Jesus Christ.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09290a.htm
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Lambeck, Peter
Historian and librarian, b. at Hamburg, 13 April 1628; d. at Vienna, 4 April, 1680.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08756a.htm
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Lanfranc
Archbishop of Canterbury, b. at Pavia c.1005; d. at Canterbury, 24 May, 1089.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08784c.htm
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Laos
Separated from the Vicariate Apostolic of Siam by a decree of 4 May, 1899.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08794b.htm
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Lallemant, Louis
French Jesuit, b. at Châlons-sur-Marne, 1588; d. at Bourges, 5 April, 1635.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752e.htm
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Laibach
Austrian bishopric and suffragan of Görz, embraces the territory of the Austrian crown-land of
Carniola (Krain).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08743a.htm
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Lang, Matthew
Cardinal, Bishop of Gurk and Archbishop of Salzburg, b. at Augsburg in 1468; d. at Salzburg, 30
March, 1540.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08787a.htm
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Lando, Pope
Reigned 913-914.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08784a.htm
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Langres
Diocese comprising the Department of the Haute-Marne.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08789c.htm
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Lance, The Holy
In the Gospel of St. John (xix, 34), that, after our Saviour's death, "one of the soldiers
with a spear [lancea] opened his side and immediately there came out blood and water".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08773a.htm
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Lake Indians
A small tribe of Salishan stock, originally ranging along Columbia River in northeast Washington
from about Kettle Falls to the British line.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08751a.htm
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Langheim
A celebrated Cistercian abbey situated in Upper Franconia (Bavaria), not far from Mein, in the
Diocese of Bamberg.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08788c.htm
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Lamarck, Chevalier de
Distinguished botanist, zoologist, and natural philosopher, b. at Bazentin in Picardy (department
of Somme), France, 1 August, 1744; d. at Paris, 18 December, 1829.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08753c.htm
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Lafuente y Zamalloa, Modesto
Spanish critic and historian, b. at Ravanal de los Caballeros, 1 May, 1806; d. at Madrid, 25
Oetober, 1866.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08740c.htm
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Lamont, Johann von
Astronomer and physicist, b. 13 Dec., 1805, at Braemar in Scotland, near Balmoral Castle; d.. 6
Aug., 1879, at Bogenhausen near Munich, Bavaria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08766b.htm
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Lamus
A titular see of Isauria, suffragan of Seleucia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08771b.htm
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Laurence O'Toole, Saint
Irish confessor. (1128-1180)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09091b.htm
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Leptis Magna
A titular see of Tripolitana.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09185a.htm
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Latin, Ecclesiastical
The Latin in the official textbooks of the Church (the Bible and the Liturgy), as well as in the
works of those Christian writers of the West who have undertaken to expound or defend Christian
beliefs.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09019a.htm
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Lantern
In Italian or modern architecture, a small structure on the top of a dome, for the purpose of
admitting light, for promoting ventilation, and for ornament.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08793b.htm
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Lapsi
The regular designation in the third century for Christians who relapsed into heathenism,
especially for those who during the persecutions displayed weakness in the face of torture, and
denied the Faith by sacrificing to the heathen gods or by any other acts.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09001b.htm
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Lamuel
Name of a king mentioned in Prov., xxxi, 1 and 4, but otherwise unknown.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08771a.htm
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Laranda
A titular see of Isauria, afterwards of Lycaonia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09003b.htm
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Luke Kirby, Blessed
(Catholic Encyclopedia)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15630d.htm
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Lambert, Louis A.
Priest and journalist. (1835-1910)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16050c.htm
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Laprade, Victor de
French poet and critic, b. at Montbrison in 1812; d. at Lyons in 1883.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09001a.htm
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Laplace, Pierre-Simon
Mathematician and astronomer. (1749-1827)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08796a.htm
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Lanterns, Altar
Used in churches to protect the altar candles and lamp, if the latter for any reason, such as a
draught, cannot be kept lit.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01354c.htm
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Lanspergius
Carthusian monk and ascetical writer, b. at Landsberg in Bavaria 1489, d. at Cologne, 11 Aug.,
1539.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08793a.htm
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Lutzk, Zhitomir, and Kamenetz, Diocese of
Diocese located in Little Russia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09463b.htm
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Langen, Rudolph von
Humanist and divine, b. at the village of Everswinkel, near Munster, Westphalia, 1438 or 1439; d.
at Munster, 25 Dec., 1519.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08787b.htm
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Lasaulx, Ernst von
Scholar and philosopher, born at Coblenz, 16 March, 1805; died at Munich, 9 May, 1861.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09010a.htm
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Langley, Richard
Layman and martyr, b. probably at Grimthorpe, Yorks, England, date unknown; d. at York, 1 Dec.,
1586.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08789b.htm
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Langham, Simon
Cardinal, Archbishop of Canterbury and Chancellor of England, b. at Langham in Rutland; d. at
Avignon, France, 22 July, 1376.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08788b.htm
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Labour and Labour Legislation
Labour is work done by mind or body either partly or wholly for the purpose of producing utilities.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08719a.htm
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Lapparent, Albert Auguste de
French geologist, b. at Bourges, 30 Dec., 1839; d. at Paris, 12 May, 1908.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08799a.htm
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Lassus, Orlandus de
Composer, born at Mons, Hainault, Belgium, in 1520 (according to most biographers; but his epitaph
gives 1532); died at Munich, 14 June, 1594.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09011c.htm
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Louis Bertrand, Saint
Canonized by Clement X in 1671. Feast is observed on 10 October.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09376b.htm
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Loja, Diocese of
Suffragan of Quito, Ecuador, includes the greater part of the Provinces of Loja and El Oro.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09332b.htm
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Last Supper, The
The Evangelists and critics generally agree that the Last Supper was on a Thursday, that Christ
suffered and died on Friday, and that He arose from the dead on Sunday.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14341a.htm
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Lamps, Early Christian
Of the various classes of remains from Christian antiquity there is probably none so numerously
represented as that of small clay lamps adorned with Christian symbols.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08770a.htm
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La Richardie, Armand de
Born at Perigueux, 7 June, 1686; died at Quebec, 17 March, 1758. He entered the Society of Jesus at
Bordeaux, 4 Oct., 1703, and in 1725 was sent to the Canada mission.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09003d.htm
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Lateran Council, First
It put a stop to the arbitrary conferring of ecclesiastical benefices by laymen, reestablished
freedom of episcopal and abbatial elections, separated spiritual from temporal affairs, and
ratified the principle that spiritual authority can emanate only from the Church; lastly it tacitly
abolished the exorbitant claim of the emperors to interfere in papal elections.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09016b.htm
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Lateran Council, Second
To efface the last vestiges of the schism, to condemn various errors and reform abuses among clergy
and people Innocent, in the month of April, 1139, convoked, at the Lateran, the tenth ecumenical
council.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09017a.htm
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Lateran Council, Third
In September, 1178, the pope in agreement with an article of the Peace of Venice, convoked an
ecumenical council at the Lateran for Lent of the following year and, with that object, sent
legates to different countries.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09017b.htm
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Lateran Council, Fourth
From the commencement of his reign Innocent III had purposed to assemble an ecumenical council, but
only towards the end of his pontificate could he realize this project, by the Bull of 19 April,
1213. The assembly was to take place in November, 1215.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09018a.htm
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Latreille, Pierre-André
A prominent French zoologist; born at Brives, 29 November, 1762; died in Paris, 6 February, 1833.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09035b.htm
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Lanzi, Luigi
An Italian archeologist, b. at Mont Olmo, near Macerata, in 1732; d. at Florence in 1810.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08793c.htm
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Lancelotti, Giovanni Paolo
Canonist, b. at Perugia in 1522; d. there, 23 September, 1590.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08774a.htm
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Line, Saint Anne
A convert to Catholicism, was hanged in 1601 for the (unproven) crime of harboring a priest. She is
one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09270b.htm
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La Fayette, Marie Madeleine Pioche de la Vergne, Comtesse de
Author of memoirs and novels, born in Paris, 1634; died there, 1693.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08738b.htm
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Lateran Councils
A series of five important councils held at Rome from the twelfth to the sixteen century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09016a.htm
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Lampsacus
A titular see of Hellespont, suffragan of Cyzicus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08770b.htm
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Laurentie, Pierre-Sébastien
French publicist. (1793-1876)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09039b.htm
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Larino
Diocese in the province of Capmobasso, Southern Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09004a.htm
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Laski, John
Archbishop of Gnesen and Primate of Poland, b. at Lask, 1456; d. at Gnesen, 19 May, 1531.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09011a.htm
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Lindisfarne, Ancient Diocese and Monastery of
The island of Lindisfarne lies some two miles off the Northumberland coast, nine and one-half miles
southeast of the border-town of Berwick.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09269a.htm
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La Salette
Located in the commune and parish of La Salette-Fallavaux, Canton of Corps, Department of Isere,
and Diocese of Grenoble.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09008b.htm
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Leander of Seville, Saint
Bishop of that city, b. at Carthage about 534, of a Roman family established in that city; d. at
Seville, 13 March, 600 or 601.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09102a.htm
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Loreto, Holy House of
Since the fifteenth century, and possibly even earlier, it has been numbered among the most famous
shrines of Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13454b.htm
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Little Office of Our Lady
A liturgical devotion to the Blessed Virgin, in imitation of, and in addition to, the Divine
Office.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09294a.htm
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Lares
Formerly a titular archiepiscopal see in pro-consular Africa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09003c.htm
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La Salle, John Baptist de, Saint
Founder of the Christian Brothers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08444a.htm
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Lausanne and Geneva
Diocese in Switzerland, immediately subject to the Holy See.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09040a.htm
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Larue, Charles de
He took the habit of St. Benedict in the Abbey of St. Faro at Meaux, and made his religious
profession on 21 Nov., 1703.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09007b.htm
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Latria
In classical Greek originally meant "the state of a hired servant" (Aesch.,
"Prom.", 966), and so service generally. It is used especially for Divine service (Plato,
"Apol.", 23 B). In Christian literature it came to have a technical sense for the supreme
honour due to His servants, the angels and saints.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09036a.htm
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Laura
The Greek word laura is employed by writers from the end of the fifth century to distinguish the
monasteries of Palestine of the semi-eremitical type. The word signifies a narrow way or passage,
and in later times the quarter of a town.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09039a.htm
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Laverlochère, Jean-Nicolas
Missionary, born at St. Georges d'Espérance, Grenoble, France, 6 December, 1812; died at
Temiscaming, Canada, 4 October, 1884.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050c.htm
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La Rochejacquelein, Henri-Auguste-Georges du Vergier, Comte de
French politician, b. at the château of Citran (Fironde), on 28 September, 1805; d. on 7 January,
1867.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09005b.htm
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Lavigerie, Charles-Martial-Allemand
French cardinal, b. at Huire near Bayonne, 13 Oct., 1825; d. at Algiers, 27 Nov., 1892.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050d.htm
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Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem
Founded as a result of the First Crusade, in 1099. Destroyed a first time by Saladin in 1187, it
was re-established around Saint-Jean d'Acre and maintained until the capture of that city in 1291.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08361a.htm
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Leon
Provides history and geography of the area.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09175a.htm
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Lauda Sion
The opening words (used as a title of the sequence composed by St. Thomas Aquinas, about the year
1264, for the Mass of Corpus Christi.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09036b.htm
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Last Judgment, The
To it the prophets of the Old Testament refer when they speak of the "Day of the Lord"
(Joel 2:31; Ezekiel 13:5; Isaiah 2:12), in which the nations will be summoned to judgment. In the
New Testament the second Parusia, or coming of Christ as Judge of the world, is an oft-repeated
doctrine.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08552a.htm
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Lazarus of Jerusalem, Order of Saint
The military order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem originated in a leper hospital founded in the
twelfth century by the crusaders of the Latin Kingdom.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09096b.htm
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Latin Church
The Latin Church is simply that vast portion of the Catholic body which obeys the Latin patriarch,
which submits to the pope, not only in papal, but also in patriarchal matters.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09022a.htm
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Lacy, Blessed William
Sixteenth-century English priest.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15631b.htm
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Lord's Prayer
Although the Latin term oratio dominica is of early date, the phrase "Lord's Prayer" does
not seem to have been generally familiar in England before the Reformation. During the Middle Ages
the "Our Father" was always said in Latin, even by the uneducated. Hence it was then most
commonly known as the Pater noster.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09356a.htm
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Liturgy of the Hours
This expression signifies etymologically a duty accomplished for God; in virtue of a Divine precept
it means, in ecclesiastical language, certain prayers to be recited at fixed hours of the day or
night by priests, religious, or clerics, and, in general, by all those obliged by their vocation to
fulfil this duty.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11219a.htm
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Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort, Saint
French priest. (1673-1716)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09384a.htm
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Le Blant, Edmond-Frederic
French archeologist and historian, born 12 August, 1818; died 5 July, 1897 at Paris.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09105b.htm
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Latrocinium
The Acts of the first session of this synod were read at the Council of Chalcedon, 451, and have
thus been preserved. The remainder of the Acts are known only through a Syriac translation by a
Monophysite monk, published from the British Museum MS. Addit. 14,530, written in the year 535.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05495a.htm
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La Trappe
Abbey of the Order of Reformed Cistercians.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09035a.htm
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Law, Natural
In English this term is frequently employed as equivalent to the laws of nature, meaning the order
which governs the activities of the material universe. Among the Roman jurists natural law
designated those instincts and emotions common to man and the lower animals, such as the instinct
of self-preservation and love of offspring.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09076a.htm
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Lanigan, John
Irish Church historian. (1758-1825)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16051a.htm
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Lataste, Marie
Born at Mimbaste near Dax, France, 21 February, 1822; died at Rennes, 10 May, 1847; was the
youngest child of simple pious peasants.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09012a.htm
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Law, Canon
Canon law is the body of laws and regulations made by or adopted by ecclesiastical authority, for
the government of the Christian organization and its members.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09056a.htm
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Lay Communion
Speaking generally, the expression "lay communion" does not necessarily imply the idea of
the Eucharist, but only the condition of a layman in communion with the Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09093b.htm
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Lay Abbot
A name used to designate a layman on whom a king or someone in authority bestowed an abbey as a
reward for services rendered.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09092a.htm
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Le Mercier, François
One of the early missionaries of New France, b. at Paris, 4 October, 1604; d. in the island of
Martinique, 12 June, 1690.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09146b.htm
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Lamb (in Early Christian Symbolism)
One of the few Christian symbols dating from the first century is that of the Good Shepherd
carrying on His shoulders a lamb or a sheep, with two other sheep at his side.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08755b.htm
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Lazarus
The name of two persons in the N.T.; a character in one of Christ's parables, and the brother of
Martha and Mary of Bethania.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09096a.htm
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Lebanon
So called from the snow which covers the highest peaks during almost the entire year, or from the
limestone which glistens white in the distance.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09104a.htm
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Lockwood, Blessed John
Short biographical article on the English priest and martyr.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09322a.htm
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Lavérendrye, Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, Sieur de
Discoverer of the Canadian West, born at Three Rivers, Quebec, 17 November, 1685; died at Montreal,
6 December, 1749.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050b.htm
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Lauzon, Pierre de
A noted missionary of New France in the eighteenth century, born at Poitiers, 26 September, 1687;
died at Quebec, 5 September, 1742.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09044a.htm
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Latini, Brunetto
Florentine philosopher and statesman, born at Florence, c. 1210; the son of Buonaccorso Latini,
died 1294.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09034a.htm
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Lay Confession
This article does not deal with confession by laymen but with that made to laymen, for the purpose
of obtaining the remission of sins by God.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09094a.htm
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Lebwin, Saint
Apostle of the Frisians. (d. 770)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09106b.htm
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Lacey, Blessed Brian
(Catholic Encyclopedia)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15611b.htm
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La Chaise, François d'Aix de
Confessor of King Louis XIV, born at the mansion of Aix, in Forez, Department of Loire, 25 August,
1624; died at Paris, 20 January, 1709.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08732b.htm
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Leo Diaconus
Byzantine historian; b. at Kaloe, at the foot of Mount Tmolos, in Ionia, about the year 950; the
year of his death is unknown.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09174b.htm
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Law, Cemeteries in
Includes information concerning the laws in the United States and Canada.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03508a.htm
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Le Coz, Claude
French bishop, b. at Plouévez-Parzay (Finistère), 1740; d. at Villevieux (Jura), 1813.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09109c.htm
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Lamoignon, Family of
Illustrious in the history of the old magistracy, originally from Nivernais.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08766a.htm
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Le Caron, Joseph
One of the four pioneer missionaries of Canada and first missionary to the Hurons (q.v.), b. near
Paris in 1586; d. in France, 29 March, 1632.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09107c.htm
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Lavabo
The first word of that portion of Psalm 25 said by the celebrant at Mass while he washes his hands
after the Offertory, from which word the whole ceremony is named.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09044b.htm
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Lallemant, Jacques-Philippe
French Jesuit, b. at St-Valéry-sur-Somme about 1660; d. at Paris 1748.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752d.htm
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Lehnin, Abbey of
Founded in 1180 by Otto II, Margrave of Brandenburg, for Cistercian monks.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09134a.htm
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Laws, Penal
This article treats of the penal legislation affecting Catholics in English-speaking countries
since the Reformation.
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Legrand, Louis
French theologian and noted doctor of the Sorbonne, b. in Burgundy at Lusigny-sur-Ouche, 12 June,
1711, d. at Issy (Paris), 21 July, 1780.
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Lateran, Saint John
This is the oldest, and ranks first among the four great "patriarchal" basilicas of Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09014b.htm
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Lascaris, Janus
A noted Greek scholar, born about 1445; died at Rome in 1535.
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Laval, François de Montmorency
First bishop of Canada, b. at Montigny-sur-Avre, 30 April, 1623, of Hughes de Laval and Michelle de
Péricard; d. at Quebec on 6 May, 1708.
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Lectionary
A term of somewhat vague significance, used with a good deal of latitude by liturgical writers.
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League of the Cross
A Catholic total abstinence confraternity founded in London in 1873 by Cardinal Manning to unite
Catholics, both clergy and laity, in the warfare against intemperance, and thus improve religious,
social, and domestic conditions, especially among the working classes.
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Le Gobien, Charles
French Jesuit and founder of the famous collection of "Lettres édifiantes et curieuses",
one of the most important sources of information for the history of Catholic missions, b. at
St­Malo, Brittany, 25 November, 1671; d. at Paris, 5 March, 1708.
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Lebedus
Titular see of Asia Minor, suffragan of Ephesus.
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Leo II, Pope Saint
Reigned 682-683.
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La Rochelle
The Diocese of La Rochelle (Rupellensis), suffragan of Bordeaux, comprises the entire Department of
Charente-Inférieure.
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La Salle, René-Robert-Cavelier, Sieur de
Explorer, born at Rouen, 1643; died in Texas, 1687.
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Labour Unions, Moral Aspects of
Since a labour union is a society, its moral aspects are determined by its constitution, its end,
its results, and the means employed in pursuit of the end.
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Lebrun, Charles
French historical painter, born in Paris, 1619; died at the Gobelin tapestry works, 1690.
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Le Fèvre, Jacques
A French theologian and controversialist, b. at Lisieux towards the middle of the seventeenth
century; d. 1 July, 1716, at Paris.
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Le Puy
Diocese in France.
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Lay Brothers
Religious occupied solely with manual labour and with the secular affairs of a monastery or friary.
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Lateran, Christian Museum of
Established by Pius IX in 1854, in the Palazzo del Laterano erected by Sixtus V on the part of the
site of the ancient Lateran palace destroyed by fire in 1308. In 1843 the "profane"
Museum of the Lateran was founded by Gregory XVI, in whose pontificate also was mooted the idea of
establishing a museum of Christian antiquities in the same edifice.
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Lecce
Diocese; suffragan of Otranto.
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Le Camus, Etienne
French cardinal, b. at Paris, 1632; d. at Grenoble, 1707.
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Lecoy de La Marche
French historian; b. at Nemours, 1839; d. at Paris, 1897.
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Legends of the Saints
The legenda are stories about the saints, and often include a mix of historical fact and
unhistorical embellishments.
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Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent
Chemist, philosopher, economist. (1743-1794)
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Lefèvre de la Boderie, Guy
French Orientalist and poet; b. near Falaise in Normandy, 9 August, 1541; d. in 1598 in the house
in which he was born.
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Laodicea
A titular see, of Asia Minor, metropolis of Phrygia Pacatiana, said to have been originally called
Diospolis and Rhoas; Antiochus II colonized it between 261 and 246 B.C., and gave it the name of
his wife, Laodice.
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Lector
A lector (reader) in the West is a clerk having the second of the four minor orders. In all Eastern
Churches also, readers are ordained to a minor order preparatory to the diaconate.
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Ledochowski, Miecislas Halka
Polish cardinal. (1822-1902)
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Leghorn
City in Italy. Suffragan of Pisa.
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Lectern
Support for a book, reading-desk, or bookstand, a solid and permanent structure upon which the
Sacred Books, which were generally large and heavy, were placed when used by the ministers of the
altar in liturgical functions.
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Leeds
Diocese embracing the West Riding of Yorkshire, and that part of the city of York to the south of
the River Ouse.
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Lead, Diocese of
Established on 6 August, 1902.
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Larissa
The seat of a titular archbishopric of Thessaly.
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Ledge, Altar
A step behind the altar, raised slightly above it, for candlesticks, flowers, reliquaries, and
other ornaments.
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Ladislaus, Saint
King of Hungary, born 1040; died at Neutra, 29 July, 1095; one of Hungary's national Christian
heroes.
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Lutheranism
The religious belief held by the oldest and in Europe the most numerous of the Protestant sects,
founded by the Wittenberg reformer, Martin Luther.
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Lefèvre, Family of
A family engaged in tapestry weaving in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
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Lot
Nephew of Abraham.
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Lateran Council, Fifth
Convoked, by the Bull of 18 July, 1511, to assemble 19 April, 1512, in the church of St. John
Lateran.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09018b.htm
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Langénieux, Benoit-Marie
Cardinal, Archbishop of Reims, b. at Villefranche-sur-Saône, Department of Rhône, 1824; d. at
Reims, 1 Jan., 1905.
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Leibniz, System of
A thorough overview of the life and views of Leibniz, from this 1910 reference work.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09134b.htm
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Lennig, Adam Franz
Theologian, b. 3 Dec., 1803, at Mainz; d. there, 22 Nov., 1866.
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Law
By law in the widest sense is understood that exact guide, rule, or authoritative standard by which
a being is moved to action or held back from it.
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La Bruyère, Jean de
Born at Paris in 1645; died at Chantilly in 1696. He was the son of a comptroller general of
municipal revenue.
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Lace
The two earliest known specimens of lace-worked linen albs are that of St. Francis, preserved at
St. Clare's convent, Assisi, and the alb of Pope Boniface VIII, now in the treasury of the Sistine
Chapel.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08729b.htm
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Lactantius, Lucius Cæcilius Firmianus
Fourth-century Christian apologist.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08736a.htm
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League, The
From a religious point of view it aimed at supporting Catholicism in France politically at
restoring the "ancient franchises and liberties" against the royal power.
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Legitimation
The canonical term for the act by which the irregularity contracted by being born out of lawful
wedlock is removed.
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League, German
Early in 1608 Duke Maximilian started negotiations with the spiritual electors and some of the
Catholic states of the empire, with a view to the formation of a union of the Catholic states.
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Leo XI, Pope
Reigned 1605.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09166a.htm
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Lafitau, Joseph-Françs
Jesuit missionary and writer, born at Bordeaux, France, 1 January, 1681; died there, 1746.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08739a.htm
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La Paz
Diocese in Bolivia.
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Leo, Brother
Companion of St. Francis of Assisi. (d. 1271)
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Lent
The Teutonic word Lent, which we employ to denote the forty days' fast preceding Easter, originally
meant no more than the spring season.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09152a.htm
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Laymann, Paul
A famous Jesuit moralist, b. in 1574 at Arzl, near Innsbruck; d. of the plague on 13 November,
1635, at Constance.
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Leo III, Pope Saint
Reigned 795-816.
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Luini, Bernardino
Milanese painter, b. between 1470 and 1480; d. after 1530.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09419b.htm
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Legipont, Oliver
Benedictine bibliographer. (1698-1758)
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Lapland and Lapps
This singular race is divided into three different groups: mountain, forest, and fisher Lapps.
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La Plata (Argentina)
The city of La Plata, capital of the Argentine Province of Buenos Aires, is situated on the right
bank of the Rio de la Plata, about 35 miles south-east of the city of Buenos Aires.
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Leonard of Chios
Born at an uncertain date on the Island of Chios, then under Genoese domination; died in Chios or
in Italy, 1842.
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La Plata (Bolivia)
The metropolitan see of Bolivia.
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Lapuente, Venerable Luis de
Born at Valladolid, 11 November, 1554; died there, 16 February 1624. Having entered the Society of
Jesus, he studied under the celebrated Suarez, and professed philosophy at Salamanca.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09003a.htm
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Leclercq, Chrestien
A Franciscan Récollet and one of the most zealous missionaries to the Micmac of Canada, also a
distinguished historiographer of Nouvelle France.
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Leo X, Pope
Reigned 1513-1521.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09162a.htm
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Lathrop, George Parsons
Poet, novelist. (1851-1898)
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Legists
Teachers of civil or Roman law, who, besides expounding sources, explaining terms, elucidating
texts, summarizing the contents of chapters, etc., illustrated by cases, real or imaginary, the
numerous questions and distinctions arising out of the "Corpus Juris" enactments of the
ancient Roman code.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09131d.htm
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Lobera, Ann
Carmelite nun, companion of St. Teresa; b. At Medina del Campo (Old Castile), 25 November, 1545; d.
at Brussels, 4 March, 1621.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09318b.htm
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Lauzon, Jean de
Fourth governor of Canada, b. at Paris, 1583; d. there, 16 Feb., 1666.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09043a.htm
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Leopoldine Society, The
Established at Vienna for the purpose of aiding the Catholic missions in North America.
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Lefèvre d'Etaples, Jacques
A French philosopher, biblical and patristic scholar; b. at Etaples in Picardy, about 1455; d. at
Nérac, 1536.
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Leipzig, University of
Next to Heidelberg, the oldest university in the German Empire.
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León
Suffragan of Michoacan in Mexico, erected in 1863.
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Legio
Titular see of Palestina Secunda.
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Lepanto
Italian name for Naupactos (Naupactus) a titular metropolitan see of ancient Epirus
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Lazarites
A congregation of secular priests with religious vows founded by St. Vincent de Paul.
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Leocadia, Saint
Virgin and martyr, d. 9 December, probably 304, in the Diocletian persecution.
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Luna, Pedro de
Antipope under the name of Benedict XIII, b. at Illueca, Aragon, 1328; d. at the Peñiscola, near
Valencia, Spain, either 29 Nov., 1422, or 23 May, 1423.
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L'Enfant, Pierre-Charles
French engineer. (1755-1833)
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Lesueur, Jean-François
French composer. (1760-1837)
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Ludolph of Saxony
An ecclesiastical writer of the fourteenth century, date of birth unknown; d. 13 April, 1378.
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Leo XIII, Pope
Reigned 1878-1903.
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Leviticus
The third book of the Pentateuch, so called because it treats of the offices, ministries, rites,
and ceremonies of the priests and Levites.
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Lay Tithes
Ecclesiastical tithes, which in the course of time became alienated from the Church to lay
proprietors.
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Leroy-Beaulieu, Anatole
French publicist. (1842-1912)
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Lascaris, Constantine
Greek scholar from Constantinople; born 1434; died at Messina in 1501.
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Liber Septimus
Three canonical collections of quite different value from a legal standpoint are known by this
title.
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Lithuanians in the United States
Includes information about immigration, religion, schools, and periodicals.
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Libera Me
The responsory sung at funerals.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09214a.htm
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Liberius, Pope
Reigned 352-366.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09217a.htm
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La Valette, Jean Parisot de
Forty-eighth Grand Master of the Order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem; b. in 1494; d. in
Malta, 21 Aug., 1568.
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Leontius Byzantinus
An important theologian of the sixth century.
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Legacies
In its most restricted sense, by a pious legacy or bequest (legatum pium) is understood, the
assigning, by a last will, of a particular thing forming part of an estate, to a church or an
ecclesiastical institution.
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Lete
A titular see of Macedonia.
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Levites
The subordinate ministers appointed in the Mosaic Law for the service of the Tabernacle and of the
Temple.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09206a.htm
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Laval University of Quebec
Founded in 1852 by the Seminary of Quebec; the royal charter granted to it by Queen Victoria was
signed at Westminster, 8 December, 1852.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09047b.htm
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Libera Nos
The first words of the Embolism of the Lord's Prayer in the Roman Rite.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09214b.htm
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Leodegar, Saint
Bishop of Autun, b. about 615; d. a martyr in 678, at Sarcing, Somme.
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Lummi Indians
The principal one of more than twenty small Salishan tribes originally holding the lower shores,
islands, and eastern hinterland of Puget Sound, Washington; by the Treaty of Point Elliott (1855),
gathered upon five reservations within the same territory under the jurisdiction of Tulalip Agency.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09431a.htm
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Leonard da Vinci
Florentine painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, and scholar. (1452-1519)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15440a.htm
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Life
The enigma of life is still one of the two or three most difficult problems that face both
scientist and philosopher.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09238c.htm
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Leuce
A titular see of Thrace, not mentioned by any ancient historian or geographer.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09204b.htm
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Ligamen
The existing marriage tie which constitutes in canon law a public impediment to the contracting of
a second marriage.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09244a.htm
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Liessies
A Benedictine monastery near Avesnes, in the Diocese of Cambrai, France (Nord), founded about the
middle of eighth century and dedicated to St. Lambert.
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Lombard, Peter
Theologian. (1100-1160)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11768d.htm
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Lassberg, Baron Joseph Maria Christoph von
A distinguished German antiquary, born at Donaueschingen, 10 April, 1770; died 15 March, 1855.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09011b.htm
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Latera, Flaminius Annibali de
Historian, born at Latera, near Viterbo, 23 November, 1733; died at Viterbo, 27 February, 1813.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09013a.htm
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Lavant
An Austrian bishopric in the southern part of Styria, suffragan of Salzburg.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09049a.htm
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León, Luis de
Spanish poet and theologian, b. at Belmonte, Aragon, in 1528; d. at Madrigal, 23 August, 1591.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09177b.htm
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Lezana, Juan Bautista de
Theologian, born at Madrid, 23 Nov., 1586; died in Rome, 29 March, 1659.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09209a.htm
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Laverdière, Charles-Honoré
French-Canadian historian, born Chateau-Richer, Province of Quebec, 1826; died at Quebec, 1873.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050a.htm
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Libri Carolini
A work in four books (120 or 121 chapters), purporting to be the composition of Charlemagne, and
written about 790-92.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03371b.htm
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Liberatus of Carthage
Archdeacon author of an important history of the Nestorian and Monophysite troubles.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09215b.htm
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Leontopolis
A titular archiepiscopal see of Augustamnica Secunda.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09181a.htm
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Liberal Arts, The Seven
Chiefly used during the Middle Ages. Doesn't mean arts as the word is understood today, but those
branches of knowledge which were taught in the schools of that time.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01760a.htm
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Lefebvre, Camille
Apostle of the Acadians, b. at St. Philippe, P. Q., 1831; d. at St. Joseph, N. B., 1895.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09113a.htm
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Liesborn, Master of
A Westphalian painter, who in 1465 executed an altar-piece of note in the Benedictine monastery of
Liesborn, founded by Charlemagne.
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Land-Tenure in the Christian Era
The way in which land has been held or owned during the nineteen hundred years which have seen in
Europe the rise and establishment of the Church is a matter for historical inquiry. Strictly
speaking, the way in which such ownership or tenure was not only legally arranged, but ethically
regarded, is a matter for historical inquiry also.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08775a.htm
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Leonard of Limousin, Saint
Also known as St. Leonard of Noblac. According to eleventh-century legend, he was a sixth-century
Frankish nobleman.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09178b.htm
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Lohner, Tobias
Professor of philosophy and speculative theology. Born 13 March, 1619, at Neuötting in the Diocese
of Salzburg; died 26 (probably) May, 1697.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09332a.htm
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La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, The Duke of
Opposed during the last years of the reign of Louis XV to the government of Maupeou, and the friend
of all the reformers who surrounded Louis XVI, he owed to the influence of these economists the
favour of the king.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09005a.htm
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Leavenworth
Suffragan to St. Louis, established, 22 May, 1877.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09102b.htm
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Law, Common
The term is of English origin and is used to describe the juridical principles and general rules
regulating the possession, use and inheritance of property and the conduct of individuals, the
origin of which is not definitely known, which have been observed since a remote period of
antiquity, and which are based upon immemorial usages and the decisions of the law courts as
distinct from the lex scripta; the latter consisting of imperial or kingly edicts or express acts
of legislation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09068a.htm
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Le Hir, Arthur-Marie
Biblical scholar and Orientalist; b. at Morlaix (Finisterre), in the Diocese of Quimper, France, 5
Dec., 1811; d. at Paris, 13 Jan., 1868.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09133c.htm
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Lilius, Aloisius
Principal author of the Gregorian Calendar, was a native of Cirò or Zirò in Calabria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247c.htm
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Litany of Loreto
Long article examines the somewhat murky history of the Litany of Loreto. Also information on
Marian litanies in general.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09287a.htm
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Lismore and Waterford
Suffragan of Cashel.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15564b.htm
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Low Church
The name given to one of the three parties or doctrinal tendencies that prevail in the Established
Church of England and its daughter Churches, the correlatives being High Church and Broad Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09399a.htm
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Legate
In its broad signification, means that person who is sent by another for some representative
office. In the ecclesiastical sense it means one whom the pope sends to sovereigns or governments
or only to the members of the episcopate and faithful of a country, as his representative, to treat
of church matters or even on a mission of honour.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09118a.htm
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Libraries
Collections of books accumulated and made accessible for public or private use.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09227b.htm
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Lippi, Filippo
Italian painter. (1406-1469)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09278a.htm
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Lloyd, Saint John
Welsh priest and martyr, executed at Cardiff, 22 July, 1679.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09316b.htm
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Lourdes, Notre-Dame de
The pilgrimage of Lourdes is founded on the apparitions of the Blessed Virgin to a poor,
fourteen-year-old girl, Bernadette Soubiroux. The first apparition occurred 11 February, 1858.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09389b.htm
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Limbo
A word of Teutonic derivation, meaning literally "hem" or "border," as of a
garment, or anything joined on.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09256a.htm
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Lilienfeld
A Cistercian Abbey south of St. Polten, Lower Austria, founded in 1202 by Leopold the Glorious,
Margrave of Austria, the first monks being supplied from the monastery of Heiligen Kreus near
Vienna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247b.htm
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Locke, Matthew
Composer; born at Exeter, in 1629; died August, 1677.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09321a.htm
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Llanthony Priory
A monastery of Augustinian Canons, situated amongst the Black Mountains of South Wales, nine miles
north-east of Abergavenny.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09316a.htm
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Limerick
Diocese in Ireland; includes the greater part of the County of Limerick and a small portion of
Clare.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09262a.htm
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Linens, Altar
The corporal, pall, purificator, and finger towels.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01355a.htm
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Leonard of Port Maurice, Saint
Preacher and ascetic writer. (1676-1751)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09178c.htm
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Logos, The
The word Logos is the term by which Christian theology in the Greek language designates the Word of
God, or Second Person of the Blessed Trinity.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09328a.htm
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Law, Civil (Influence of the Church on)
Christianity is essentially an ethical religion; and, although its moral principles were meant
directly for the elevation of the individual, still they could not fail to exercise a powerful
influence on such a public institution as law, the crystallized rule of human conduct.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09066a.htm
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Lockhart, William
Son of the Rev. Alexander Lockhart of Waringham, Surry; b. 22 Aug., 1820; d. at St. Etheldreda's
Priory, Eby Place, Holborn, London, 15 May, 1892.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09321b.htm
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Law, Divine (Moral Aspect of)
That which is enacted by God and made known to man through revelation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09071a.htm
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Logic
A historical survey from Indian and Pre-Aristotelian philosophy to the Logic of John Stuart Mill.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09324a.htm
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Loaves of Proposition
Heb. "bread of the faces", i.e. "bread of the presence (of Yahweh)" (Ex., xxxv,
13; xxxix, 35, etc.), also called "holy bread".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09317b.htm
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Lochleven
A lake in Kinross-shire, Scotland, an island of which, known as St. Serf's Island (eighty acres in
extent), was the seat of a religious community for seven hundred years.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09319b.htm
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Loccum
A Cistercian abbey in the Diocese of Minden, formerly in Brunswick but now included in Hanover, was
founded by Count Wilbrand von Hallermund in 1163.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09319a.htm
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Lucifer
The name Lucifer originally denotes the planet Venus, emphasizing its brilliance.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09410a.htm
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Lyons, Councils of (Introduction)
This article deals only with the two general councils of 1245 and 1275.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476a.htm
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Limburg
Diocese in the Kingdom of Prussia, suffragan of Freiburg.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09260a.htm
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Law, International
Defined to be "the rules which determine the conduct of the general body of civilized states
in their dealings with each other" (American and English Encycl. of Law).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09073a.htm
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Lottery
A lottery is one of the aleatory contracts and is commonly defined as a distribution of prizes by
lot or by chance.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09366b.htm
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Law, Roman
This subject is briefly treated under the two heads of; I. Principles; II. History.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09079a.htm
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Lauds
In the Roman Liturgy of today Lauds designates an office composed of psalms and canticles, usually
recited after Matins.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09038a.htm
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Le Tellier, Charles-Maurice
Archbishop of Reims, b. at Turin, 1642; d. at Reims, 1710.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09200c.htm
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Louis of Casoria, Venerable
Friar Minor and founder of the Frati Bigi. (1814-1885)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09385a.htm
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Leclerc du Tremblay, François
A Capuchin, better known as Pere Joseph, b. in Paris, 4 Nov., 1577; d. at Rueil, 18 Dec., 1638.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09108a.htm
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L'Hospital, Michael de
Born at Aigueperse, about 1504; d. at Courdimanche, 13 March, 1573. While very young he went to
Italy to join his father, who had been a follower of the traitor, the Constable of Bourbon, in the
camp of Charles V.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09209b.htm
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Leonidas, Saint
The Roman Martyrology mentions at least six martyrs named Leonidas or Leonides, the most famous
being St. Leonidas of Alexandria, the father of Origen.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09179a.htm
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Longstreet, James
Soldier and Catholic convert. Born 8 January, 1821, at Edgefield, South Carolina, U.S.A.; died at
Gainesville, Georgia, 2 January, 1904.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09354a.htm
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Lysias
A titular see of Phrygia Salutaris, mentioned by Strabo, XII, 576, Pliny, V, 29, Ptolemy, V, 2, 23,
Hierocles, and the "Notitiae episcopatuum", probably founded by Antiochus the Great about
200 B.C.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09478b.htm
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Louisville, Diocese of
Comprises that part of Kentucky west of the Kentucky River and western borders of Carroll, Owen,
Franklin, Woodford, Jessamine, Garrard, Rockcastle, Laurel, and Whitley Counties.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09386a.htm
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Loryma
A titular see of Caria, small fortified town and harbour on the coast of Caria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09365a.htm
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Lenormant, François
Archaeologist; son of Charles Lenormant, b. at Paris, 17 January, 1837; d. there, 9 December, 1883.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09151a.htm
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Lying
As defined by St. Thomas Aquinas, a statement at variance with the mind.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09469a.htm
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Little Flowers of St. Francis of Assissi
The name given to a classic collection of popular legends about the life of St. Francis of Assisi
and his early companions as they appeared to the Italian people at the beginning of the fourteenth
century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06078b.htm
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Lorea
Titular see in Arabia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09357a.htm
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Lima
Capital of Peru.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09255a.htm
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Louise de Marillac Le Gras, Saint
Founder of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, d. 1660.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09133b.htm
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Le Sage, Alain-René
Writer, b. at Sarzeau (Morbihan), 1668; d. at Boulogne-sur-Mer, 1747.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09189b.htm
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Leigh, Blessed Richard
Article on this English priest and missionary to his native land, martyred in 1588.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09138a.htm
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Le Camus, Emile-Paul-Constant-Ange
Preacher, theologian, scripturist, Bishop of La Rochelle and Saintes, b. at Paraza, France, 24
August, 1839; d. at Malvisade, near Castelnaudary, France, 28 September, 1906.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09107a.htm
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Liège
The first capital of this diocese was Tongres, northeast of Liège; its territory originally
belonged to the Diocese of Trier, then to Cologne; but after the first half of the fourth century
Tongres received autonomous organization.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09236a.htm
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Ligugé
A Benedictine Abbey, in the Diocese of Poitiers, France, was founded about the year A.D. 360, by
St. Martin of Tours.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247a.htm
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Littré, Paul-Maximilien-Emile
A French lexicographer and philosopher; born at Paris, 1 February, 1801; died there, 2 June, 1881.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09295b.htm
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Lacordaire, Jean-Baptiste-Henri-Dominique
Dominican orator. (1802-1861)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08733a.htm
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Lope de Vega Carpio, Félix de
Poet and dramatist, b. at Madrid, 1562; d. 23 Aug., 1635.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09354b.htm
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Luebeck
A free imperial state and one of the Hanse towns, is in area the second smallest and in population
the twentieth state in the German Empire.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09401a.htm
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Lucon
Embraces the Department of La Vendée.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09413a.htm
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Lulé Indians
A name which has given rise to considerable confusion and dispute in Argentine ethnology, owing to
the fact, now established, that it was applied at different times to two very different peoples,
neither of which now exists under that name, while the vocabulary which could settle the affinity
of the earlier tribe is now lost.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09428a.htm
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Leontius, Saint
St. Leontius of Fréjus, bishop, d. 488. On good terms with Honoratus, who founded the famous
monastery of Lérins, and with John Cassian and Pope St. Leo I.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09179b.htm
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Luxeuil Abbey
Situated in the Department of Haute-Saône in Franche-Comté, in the Diocese of Besançon.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09467a.htm
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Linz
Suffragan of the Archdiocese of Vienna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09273a.htm
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Lycopolis
A titular see in Thebais Prima, suffragan of Antinoë.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09468a.htm
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Lippe
One of the Confederate States of the German Empire.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09276a.htm
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Latin Literature in the Church, Classical
This article deals only with the relations of the classical literature, chiefly Latin, to the
Catholic Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09032a.htm
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Leipzig
Chief town in the Kingdom of Saxony, situated at the junction of the Pleisse, Parthe, and Weisse
Elster.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09138b.htm
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Leitmeritz
In Austria, embraces the northern part of the Kingdom of Bohemia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09141a.htm
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Lejeune, Jean
Born at Poligny in 1592; died at Limoges, 19 Aug., 1672; member of the Oratory of Jesus, founded by
de Berulle in 1611.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09142a.htm
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Lelong, Jacques
A French bibliographer, b. at Paris, 19 April, 1665 d. there, 13 Aug., 1721.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09142b.htm
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Le Loutre, Louis-Joseph
A missionary to the Micmac Indians and Vicar-General of Acadia under the Bishop of Quebec, b. in
France about 1690: d. there about 1770.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09143a.htm
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Le Mans
Comprises the entire Department of Sarthe.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09143b.htm
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Lemberg
Seat of a Latin, a Uniat Ruthenian, and a Uniat Armenian archbishopric.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09144a.htm
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Lemcke, Henry
Missionary in the United States, b. at Rhena, Mecklenburg, 27 July, 1796; d. at Carrolltown,
Pennsylvania, 29 November, 1882.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09146a.htm
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Lerins, Abbey of
Situated on an island of the same name, now known as that of Saint-Honorat, about a league from the
coast of Provence, in the Department of the Maritime Alps, now included in the Diocese of Nice,
formerly in that of Grasse or of Antibes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09188b.htm
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Lidwina, Saint
Biography of this Dutch woman who died in 1433.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09233a.htm
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Linus, Pope Saint
Reigned about A.D. 64 or 67 to 76 or 79.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09272b.htm
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Lorenzo da Brindisi, Saint
St. Lawrence of Brindisi, also known as St. Lorenzo da Brindisi.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09359a.htm
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Louis of Toulouse, Saint
Bishop of Toulouse. (1274-1297)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09385c.htm
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Louis IX, Saint
King of France, son of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile, born at Poissy, 25 April, 1215; died near
Tunis, 25 August, 1270.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09368a.htm
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Lucy, Saint
Virgin and martyr, d. 303 in the Diocletian persecution.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09414a.htm
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Lemercier, Jacques
Born at Pontoise, about 1585; died at Paris, 1654. Lemercier shares with Mansart and Le Muet the
glory of representing French architecture most brilliantly under Louis XIII and Richelieu.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09147a.htm
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Ludmilla, Saint
Bohemian duchess, grandmother of St. Wenceslaus. Strangled to death by assassins hired by her pagan
daughter-in-law in 921.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09416a.htm
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Loyola, Saint Ignatius
Founder of the Jesuits. (1491-1556)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07639c.htm
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Leo I (the Great), Pope
Reigned 440-461.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09154b.htm
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Latin Literature in Christianity (Before the Sixth Century)
The Latin language was not at first the literary and official organ of the Christian Church in the
West. The Gospel was announced by preachers whose language was Greek, and these continued to use
Greek, if not in their discourses, at least in their most important acts.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09023a.htm
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Lemos, Thomas de
Spanish theologian and controversialist, b. at Rivadavia, Spain, 1555, d. at Rome 23 Aug., 1629.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09148a.htm
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Le Moyne
The name of one of the most illustrious families of the New World, whose deeds adorn the pages of
Canadian history.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09148b.htm
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Le Moyne, Simon
A Jesuit missionary, b. at Beauvais, 1604; d. in 1665 at Cap de la Madeleine, near Three Rivers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09149a.htm
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Le Nourry, Denis-Nicolas
Ecclesiastical writer, b. at Dieppe in Normandy, 18 Feb., 1647; d. at the Abbey of St-Germain in
Paris, 24 March, 1724.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09151b.htm
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Lentulus, Publius
A fictitious person, said to have been Governor of Judea before Pontius.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09154a.htm
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Leo IV, Pope
Reigned 847-55.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159a.htm
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Leo V, Pope
Very little is known of him. No certainty either as to when he was elected or as to exactly how
long he reigned.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159b.htm
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Leo VI, Pope
The exact dates of the election and death of Leo VI are uncertain, but it is clear that he was pope
during the latter half of 928.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159c.htm
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Leo VII, Pope
Date of birth unknown; d. 13 July, 939. A Roman and priest of St. Sixtus, and probably a
Benedictine monk, he was elected pope 3 January, 936.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160a.htm
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Leo VIII, Pope
Date of birth unknown; d. between 20 February and 13 April, 965.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160b.htm
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Leo IX, Pope
(1049-54), b. at Egisheim, near Colmar, on the borders of Alsace, 21 June, 1002; d. 19 April, 1054.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160c.htm
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Leo XII, Pope
Born at the Castello della Genga in the territory of Spoleto, 22 August, 1760; died in Rome, 10
February, 1829.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09167a.htm
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Leprosy
A chronic infectious disease caused by the bacillus leprœ, characterized by the formation of
growths in the skin, mucous membranes, peripheral nerves, bones, and internal viscera, producing
various deformities and mutilations of the human body, and usually terminating in death.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09182a.htm
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Le Quien, Michel
French historian and theologian, b. at Boulogne-sur-Mer, department of Pas-de-Calais, 8 Oct., 1661;
d. at Paris, 12 March, 1733.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09187a.htm
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Lerida
Diocese; suffragan of Tarragona.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09188a.htm
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Leros
Titular see of the Cyclades, suffragan of Rhodes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09189a.htm
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Lesbi
A titular see in Mauretania Sitifensis, suffragan of Sitifis, or Sétif, in Algeria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190a.htm
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Lescarbot, Marc
French lawyer, writer, and historian, b. at Vervins, between 1565 and 1570; d. about 1629.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190b.htm
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Lescot, Pierre
One of the greatest architects of France in the pure Renaissance style, b. at Paris about 1510; d.
there, 1571.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190c.htm
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Lesina
Diocese in Dalmatia; includes the three islands of Hvar (Lesina), the ancient Pharia colonized by
the Greeks in 385 B.C.; Brac, formerly Brattia or Brachia, also colonized by the Greeks; and Lissa,
formerly Issa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09191a.htm
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Leslie, John
Bishop of Ross, Scotland, born 29 September, 1527, died at Guirtenburg, near Brussels 30 May, 1596.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09191b.htm
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Lessius, Leonard
A Flemish Jesuit and a theologian of high reputation, born at Brecht, in the province of Antwerp, 1
October, 1554; died at Louvain, 15 January, 1623.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09192a.htm
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Lessons in the Liturgy
The reading of lessons from the Bible, Acts of Martyrs, or approved Fathers of the Church, forms an
important element of Christian services in all rites since the beginning.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09193a.htm
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Lestrange, Louis-Henri de
Born in 1754, in the Château de Colombier-le-Vieux, Ardèche, France; died at Lyons, 16 July,
1827.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09199a.htm
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Le Tellier, Michel
Born 16 October, 1643, of a peasant family, not at Vire as has so often been said, but at Vast near
Cherbourg; died at La Flèche, 2 September, 1719.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09200d.htm
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Letourneux, Nicolas
A well-known French preacher and ascetical writer of Jansenistic tendencies, born at Rouen, 30
April, 1640; died at Paris, 28 November, 1686.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09201a.htm
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Letters, Ecclesiastical
Publications or announcements of the organs of ecclesiastical authority, e.g. the synods, more
particularly, however, of popes and bishops, addressed to the faithful in the form of letters.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09202a.htm
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Leubus
A celebrated ancient Cistercian abbey, situated on the Oder, northwest of Breslau, in the Prussian
Province of Silesia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09204a.htm
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Levadoux, Michael
One of the first band of Sulpicians who, owing to the distressed state of religion in France, went
to the United States and founded St. Mary's Seminary in Baltimore; born at Clermont-Ferrand, in
Auvergne, France, 1 April, 1746; died at Le-Puy-en-Velay, 13 Jan., 1815.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09204c.htm
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Levau, Louis
A contemporary of Jacques Lemercier and the two Mansarts, and the chief architect of the first
decade of Louis XIV's independent reign, born 1612; died at Paris, 10 Oct., 1670.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09205a.htm
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Le Verrier, Urbain-Jean-Joseph
An astronomer and director of the observatory at Paris, born at Saint Lô, the ancient Briodurum
later called Saint-Laudifanum, in north-western France, 11 May, 1811; died at Paris, 25 September,
1877.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09205b.htm
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Lex
While official or private collections of Roman Law made under the Empire are called codices, e. g.
"Codex Theodosianus", probably because they were written on parchment sheets bound
together in book form, the title lex was given to collections of Roman Law made by order of the
barbarian kings for such of their subjects as followed that legislation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09207b.htm
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Libel
A malicious publication by writing, printing, picture, effigy, sign, or otherwise than by mere
speech, which exposes any living person, or the memory of any person deceased, to hatred, contempt,
ridicule, or obloquy, or which causes or tends to cause any person to be ashamed or avoided, or
which has a tendency to injure any person, corporation, or association of persons, in his, her, or
its business or occupation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09210a.htm
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Libellatici, Libelli
The libelli were certificates issued to Christians of the third century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09211a.htm
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Liberalism
A free way of thinking and acting in private and public life.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09212a.htm
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Liberatore, Matteo
A philosopher, theologian, and writer, born at Salerno, Italy, 14 August, 1810; died at Rome, 18
October, 1892.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09215a.htm
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Liber Diurnus Romanorum Pontificum
A miscellaneous collection of ecclesiastical formularies used in the papal chancery until the
eleventh century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09215c.htm
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Liberia
A republic on the west coast of Africa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09216a.htm
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Lichfield
This diocese took its rise in the conversion of Mercia by St. Cedd and his three companions in 652
and subsequent years.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09232a.htm
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Lieber, Ernst Maria
Born at Camberg in the Duchy of Nassau, 16 Nov., 1838; died 31 March, 1902.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09233b.htm
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Lieber, Moriz
Politician and publicist, b. at the castle of Blankenheim in the Eifel, 1 Oct., 1790, d. at
Kamberg, in Hesse-Nassau, 29 Dec., 1860.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09235a.htm
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Liebermann, Bruno Franz Leopold
Catholic theologian, b., at Molsheim in Alsace 12 Oct., 1759; 4. at Strasburg, 11 Nov., 1844.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09235b.htm
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Liesborn
A former noted Benedictine Abbey in Westphalia, Germany, founded in 815; suppressed in 1803.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09237a.htm
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Lights
Article concerned with the general aspects and in particular with the charge so often levelled
against Catholicism of adopting wholesale the ceremonial practices of the pagan world.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09244b.htm
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Lille
The ancient capital of Flanders, now the chief town of the Département du Nord in France.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09251a.htm
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Lillooet Indians
An important tribe of Salishan linguistic stock, in southern British Columbia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09253a.htm
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Limbourg, Pol de
A French miniaturist. With his two brothers, he flourished at Paris at the end of the fourteenth
and the beginning of the fifteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09259a.htm
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Limoges
Diocese comprising the Departments of Haute Vienne and Creuse in France.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09263a.htm
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Limyra
A titular see of Lycia, and was a small city on the southern coast of Lycia, on the Limyrus, and
twenty stadia from the mouth of this river.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09265a.htm
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Linares
In 1777, at the request of Charles III of Spain, Pius VII erected the episcopal See of Linares as
suffragan of the Archdiocese of Mexico.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09265c.htm
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Lincoln
Suffragan of Dubuque, erected 2 August, 1887, to include that part of the State of Nebraska,
U.S.A., south of the Platte River.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09266a.htm
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Lincoln
This see was founded by St. Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 678, when he removed the
Lindiswaras of Lincolnshire from the Diocese of Lindisfarne.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09266b.htm
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Lindanus, William Damasus
Bishop of Ruremonde and of Ghent, b. at Dordrecht, in 1525; d. at Ghent, 2 November, 1588; he was
the son of Damasus van der Lint.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09267a.htm
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Linde, Justin Timotheus Balthasar, Freiherr von
Hessian jurist and stateman, b. in the village of Brilon, Westphalia, 7 Aug., 1797; d. at Bonn
during the night of 8-9 June, 1870.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09268a.htm
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Lindemann, Wilhelm
A Catholic historian of German literature, b. at Schonnebeck near Essen, 17 December, 1828; d. at
Niederkruechten near Erkelenz (Rhine Province) 20 December, 1879.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09268b.htm
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Lingard, John
English priest and historian b. at Winchester, 5 February, 1771; d. at Hornby, 17 July, 1851.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09270c.htm
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Linoe
A titular see of Bithynia Secunda, known only from the "Notitiae Episcopatuum" which
mention it as late as the twelfth and thirteenth centuries as a suffragan of Nicaea.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09272a.htm
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Lippi, Filippino
Italian painter. (1458-1515)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09277a.htm
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Lippomano, Luigi
A cardinal, hagiographer, b. in 1500; d. 15 August, 1559. Of a noble Venetian family, he devoted
himself from his youth to the study of the classical languages and later to the pursuit of the
sacred sciences.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09279a.htm
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Lipsanotheca
A term sometimes used synonymously with reliquary, but signifying, more correctly, the little box
containing the relics, which is placed inside the reliquary.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09280a.htm
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Lipsius, Justus
A philologian and humanist of the Netherlands, b. at Overyssche, 18 Oct., 1547; d. at Louvain, 23
March, 1606.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09280b.htm
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Lisbon
Patriarchate of Lisbon (Lisbonensis).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09281a.htm
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Lismore
The Diocese of Lismore extends over a territory of 21,000 squire miles in the nort-east of New
South Wales (Australia).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09283a.htm
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Lismore, School of
Founded in the year 635 by St. Carthach the Younger.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09284a.htm
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Lister
Jesuit writer, b. in Lancashire, about 1559; d. in England, probably before 1628; was the son of
Christopher Lister, of Midhope, Yorks.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09285a.htm
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Litany of the Saints
The model of all other litanies, of great antiquity.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09291a.htm
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Lithuania
An ancient grandy-duchy united with Poland in the fourteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09292a.htm
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Litta
A noble Milanese family which gave two distinguished cardinals to the Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09293a.htm
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Little Rock
The State of Arkansas and the Indian Territory, parts of the Louisiana Purchase, were formed, 1843,
into the Diocese of Little Rock.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09295a.htm
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Liturgical Books
All the books, published by the authority of any church, that contain the text and directions for
her official (liturgical) services.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09296a.htm
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Liturgical Chant
A chant, if its style, composition, and execution prove it suitable for liturgical use, may
properly be called liturgical chant.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09304a.htm
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Liturgy
A Greek composite word meaning originally a public duty, a service to the state undertaken by a
citizen.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09306a.htm
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Liutprand of Cremona
Bishop and historian, b. at the beginning of the tenth century; d. after 970.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09313a.htm
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Liverpool
One of the thirteen dioceses into which Pius IX divided Catholic England, 29 September, 1850, when
he re-established the Catholic hierarchy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09314a.htm
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Livias
A titular see in Palestina Prima, suffragan of Cæsarea.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09315a.htm
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Llancarvan
Llancarvan, Glamorganshire, Wales, was a college and monastery founded apparently about the middle
of the fifth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09315b.htm
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Llandaff
The origins of this see are to be found in the sixth century monastic movement initiated by St.
Dubricius, who presided over the monastery of Mochros.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09315c.htm
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Loaisa, Garcia de
Cardinal and Archbishop of Seville, b. in Talavera, Spain, c. 1479; d. at Madrid, 21 April, 1546.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09316c.htm
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Loango
Formerly included in the great Kingdom of Congo, Loango became independent towards the end of the
sixteenth century, at which time it extended from the mouth of the Kwilou to that of the River
Congo.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09317a.htm
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Lobbes, Benedictine Abbey of
Located in Hainault, Belgium, founded about 650, by St. Landelin, a converted brigand, so that the
place where his crimes had been committed might benefit by his conversion.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09318a.htm
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Lochner, Stephen
A painter, born at Meersburg, on the Lake of Constance, date of birth unknown; died at Cologne,
1452.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09319c.htm
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Loci Theologici
Loci theologici or loci communes, are the common topics of discussion in theology.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09320a.htm
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Lodi
A suffragan of Milan.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09322b.htm
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Logia, Jesu
Found partly in the Inspired Books of the New Testament, partly in uninspired writings.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09323a.htm
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Lohel, Johann
Archbishop of Prague, b. at Eger, Bohemia, 1549; d. 2 Nov., 1622.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09331a.htm
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Loman, Saint
Brief article accepts the tradition that St. Loman, bishop of Trim, was a nephew of St. Patrick.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09335a.htm
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Lombardy
A word derived from Longobardia and used during the Middle Ages to designate the country ruled over
by the Longobards, which varied in extent with the varying fortunes of that race in Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09336b.htm
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London (England)
The capital of England and chief city of the British Empire, is situated about fifty miles from the
mouth of the Thames.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09341a.htm
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London (Ontario)
Diocese in Canada, established 21 February, 1855; see transferred to Sandwich, 2 February, 1859,
transferred back to London, 3 October, 1869.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09353a.htm
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Lopez-Caro, Francisco
Spanish artist, b. at Seville in 1598; d. at Madrid in 1662; he was a pupil of Juan de Las Roelas,
the painter of the great altar-piece in the church of St. Isidore in Seville, of the
"Martyrdom of St. Andrew" in the museum at Seville, and of the pictures in the university
chapel.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09355a.htm
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Lorenzana, Francisco Antonio de
Cardinal, b. 22 Sept., 1722 at Leon in Spain; d. 17 April, 1804, at Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09357b.htm
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Lorenzetti, Pietro and Ambrogio
Sienese painters. The time of their birth and death is not known.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09357c.htm
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Lorette
An Indian village occupied by the principal remnant of the ancient Huron tribe on the east bank of
Saint Charles River.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09360a.htm
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Lorrain, Claude de
French painter and etcher, b. in 1600 at Chamagnc on the banks of the Moselle in Lorraine; d. in
Rome, 21 Nov., 1681 (or 23 Nov., 1682).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09361a.htm
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Lorraine
By the Treaty of Verdun in 843, the empire of Charlemagne was divided in three parts: Ludwig the
German received Eastern Franconia; Charles the Bald, Western Franconia; and Lothair I, the strip of
land lying between the two and reaching from the North Sea to the Rhone, with Italy in addition.
After the death of Lothair I, in 855, Italy passed to his son Lothair II, who gave his name to the
district henceforth known as Lotharii Regnum - Lotharingen, Lothringen, or Lorraine.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09362a.htm
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Lotti, Antonio
Composer, born at Venice in 1667; died there, 5 January, 1740 and studied under Legrenzi, producing
an opera, "Il Giustino", in his sixteenth year.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09366c.htm
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Lotto, Lorenzo
Italian portrait painter, born at Venice, 1480; died at Loreto, 1556.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09367a.htm
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Loucheux
The would-be Kuchin of some ethnologists, and the Tukudh of the Protestant missionaries; Richardson
called them Quarrellers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09367b.htm
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Louis Allemand, Blessed
Brief article on this 15th-century Cardinal Archbishop of Arles, who was a supporter of antipope
Felix V.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09376a.htm
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Louise, Sister
Educator and organizer, b. at Bergen-op-Zoom, Holland, 14 Nov., 1813; d. at Cincinnati, Ohio, 3
Dec., 1886.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09377a.htm
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Louisiana
Includes history, religious information, and statistics.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09378a.htm
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Lourdes, Brothers of Our Lady of
A community devoted to the education of youth and the care of the sick and infirm. It was founded
at Renaix, Flanders, in 1830, by Etienne Modeste Glorieux, a Belgian priest, and approved in 1892
by Leo XIII.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09389a.htm
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Loyola University (Chicago)
The outgrowth of St. Ignatius College, founded by the Jesuits in 1869 for the higher education of
the Catholic youth of Chicago, and empowered by the Legislature of Illinois (30 June, 1870) to
confer the usual degrees in the various faculties of a university.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15203c.htm
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Loyola University (New Orleans)
Loyola University, New Orleans, Louisiana, was (in 1912) the only Catholic university in what is
popularly designated "The Old South".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15203d.htm
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Lublin
The city of Lublin is in Russian Poland, capital of the Government of Lublin, lies on the
Bistrzyca, a tributary of the Vistula, and in 1897 had a population of 50,152, of whom 30,914 were
Catholics.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09403a.htm
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Luca, Giovanni Battista de
A Cardinal and Italian canonist of the seventeenth century, b. at Venusia, Southern Italy, in 1614;
d. at Rome, on 5 February, 1683.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09404a.htm
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Lucas, Frederick
A member of Parliament and journalist, b. in Westminster, 30 March, 1812, d. at Staines, Middlesex,
22 Oct., 1855.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09404b.htm
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Lucca
The capital of the like named province in Tuscany, Central Italy
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09405a.htm
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Lucera
An ancient city in the province of Foggia in Apulia, Southern Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09406a.htm
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Lucerne
Chief town of the Canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09406b.htm
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Lucian of Antioch
A priest of the Church of Antioch who suffered martyrdom (7 January, 312), during the reign of
Maximinus Daza.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09409a.htm
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Lucic, John
Croatian historian, b. early in the seventeenth century, at Trojir, or Tragurion, in Dalmatia; d.
at Rome, 11 January, 1679.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09409b.htm
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Lucifer of Cagliari
A bishop, who must have been born in the early years of the fourth century; died in 371.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09410b.htm
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Lucina, Crypt of
The traditional title of the most ancient section of the catacomb of St. Callistus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09410c.htm
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Lucius I, Pope Saint
Exiled for a time, reigned less than one year, and died in 254.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09411a.htm
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Lucius II, Pope
Born at Bologna, unknown date, died at Rome, 15 February, 1145.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09412a.htm
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Lucius III, Pope
Born at Lucca, unknown date; died at Verona, 25 Notaember, 1185. Innocent II created him
Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede on 23 February, 1141, and afterwards sent him as legate to
France.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09412b.htm
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Ludger, Saint
Also known as St. Lüdiger, or Liudger. Biography of this missionary, the first bishop of Munster,
who died in 809.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09415a.htm
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Ludovicus a S. Carolo
Carmelite writer, b. at Châlons-sur-Marne (according to some at Chalon-sur-Saône), 20 Aug., 1608;
d. at Paris 10 March, 1670.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09416c.htm
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Lueger, Karl
A burgomaster of Vienna, Austrian political leader and municipal reformer, born at Vienna, 24
October, 1844; died there, 10 March, 1910.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09417a.htm
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Lugo
Diocese in Galicia, Spain, a suffragan of Santiago, said to have been founded (by Agapitus) in
Apostolic times.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09417b.htm
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Lugo, Francisco de
Jesuit theologian, b. at Madrid, 1580; d, at Valladolid, 17 September, 1652.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09418a.htm
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Lugo, John de
Spanish Jesuit and Cardinal, one of the most eminent theologians of modern times, b. at Madrid,
November, 1583, though he used to call himself "Hispalensis", because his family seat was
at Seville; d. at Rome, 20 August, 1660.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09418b.htm
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Lugos
Diocese in Hungary, suffragan of Fogaras and Alba Julia of the Uniat-Rumanian Rite, was erected in
November, 1853.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09419a.htm
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Lully, Jean-Baptiste
Composer, b. near Florence in 1633; d. at Paris, 22 March, 1687.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09429a.htm
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Lumen Christi
The versicle chanted by the deacon on Holy Saturday as he lights the triple candle.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09430a.htm
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Luminare
The name applied to the shafts in the roof of the passages and chambers of the Catacombs
occasionally pierced for the admission of light and air.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09430b.htm
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Lund
Ancient Catholic diocese in the Län of Malmöhus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09433a.htm
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Luni-Sarzana-Brugnato
Diocese in the province of Genoa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09436a.htm
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Lupus
Abbot of Ferrieres, French Benedictine writer, b. in the Diocese of Sens, about 805; d. about 862.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09436b.htm
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Lupus, Christian
Historian, b. at Ypres (Flanders), 23 July, 1612; d. at Louvain, 10 July, 1681.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09436c.htm
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Luscinius, Ottmar
An Alsatian Humanist, b. at Strasburg, 1487; d. at Freiburg, 1537.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09437a.htm
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Lusignan, Jean-Baptiste-Alphonse
French-Canadian writer, b. at St-Denis on the Richelieu, P.Q., 27 September, 1843; d. 5 January,
1893, son of Jean-Baptiste Lusignan, a merchant, and Onésime Masse.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09437b.htm
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Lussy, Melchior
Statesman, b. at Stans, Canton of Unterwalden, Switzerland, 1529; d. there 14 Nov., 1606.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09437c.htm
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Luxemburg
The small remnant of the old duchy of this name and since 11 May, 1867, an independent neutral
grand duchy, comprising 998 sq. miles of territory, lying principally between 49° 27' and 50° 12'
N. lat., and 5° 45' and 6° 32' E. long.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09465a.htm
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Lydda
A titular see of Palestina Prima in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09468b.htm
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Lydgate, John
Writer, born at Lydgate, Suffolk, about 1370; d. probably about 1450. He entered the Benedictine
abbey at Bury when fifteen and may have been educated earlier at the school of the Benedictine
monks there and have been afterwards at the Benedictine house of studies at Oxford.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09468c.htm
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Lyndwood, William
Bishop of St. David's, b. about 1375; d. in 1446.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09471b.htm
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Lyons, Archdiocese of
Comprises the Department of the Rhône (except the Canton of Villeurbanne, which belongs to the
Diocese of Grenoble) and of the Loire.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09472a.htm
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Lyons, First Council of
Innocent IV, threatened by Emperor Frederick II, arrived at Lyons 2 December, 1244, and early in
1245 summoned the bishops and princes to the council.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476b.htm
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Lyons, Second Council of
One of the most largely attended of conciliar assemblies, there being present five hundred bishops,
sixty abbots, more than a thousand prelates or procurators.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476c.htm
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Lombard, Peter
Archbishop. (1555-1625)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09336a.htm
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